The Influence of Infrasounds on the Electrocardiograph Patterns in Humans

Abstract

This study investigates how infrasound exposure should influence the electrocardiograph (ECG) patterns and the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Infrasound waves are widespread and common and now perceptible in the working environment (particularly in industry) as well as in the recreation grounds (natural sources of infrasounds). the main sources of infrasounds include heavy machines, transport and materials handling installations, as well as natural phenomena, such as blowing winds, storms or flowing waters. Research work has now established that low-frequency noise affects the morphology of the electric biopotentials of human brain and influence the blood pressure, the level of electrodermal activity and visual-motional coordination in humans. the effects of infrasounds on fluctuations of the ECG patterns have received little attention so far. This study summarises the research data to determine how low-frequency noise with frequency f = 7 Hz and the acoustic pressure level SP L = 120 dB (HP) should influence the ECG patterns. Experiments were performed on a group of 33 participants. Thus obtained experimental data indicate that infrasound exposure leads to major changes in the functioning of human heart.

Different Types of Sounds and Their Relationship With the Electrocardiographic Signals and the Cardiovascular System – Review

“…Most frequently characteristics in used samples are shown in Figure 4 . It is possible to see that most selected studies used a sample with healthy subjects ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Koelsch et al, 2007 ; Kasprzak, 2010 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Dousty et al, 2011 ; Sancini et al, 2012 ; Chen et al, 2014b ; Naji et al, 2014b ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Krabs et al, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ; El Aarbaoui et al, 2017 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2017 ; Ishimitsu et al, 2017 ). Samples are also used with a combination of males and females ( Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Koelsch et al, 2007 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Orini et al, 2010 ; Kraus et al, 2013 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Bidin et al, 2016 ; El Aarbaoui et al, 2017 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2017 ).…”

“…There were few studies with just males ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ; Walker et al, 2016 ) or just females ( Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ). With respect to the sample size, many of the studies used a size between 20 and 33 ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Chang et al, 2004 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Kasprzak, 2010 ; Krantz et al, 2010 ; Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Dousty et al, 2011 ; Croy et al, 2013 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ) or 35 and 88 ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Kenntner-Mabiala et al, 2007 ; Koelsch et al, 2007 ; Raggam et al, 2007 ; Graham et al, 2009 ; Orini et al, 2010 ; Sancini et al, 2012 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; Gruhlke et al, 2015 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ; Hajizadeh et al, 2015 ; Krabs et al, 2015 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Gallasch et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , 2017 ; El Aarbaoui et al, 2017 ) subjects. There were few studies with a sample larger than 100 subjects ( Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Yuan et al, 2005 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Goyal et al, 2010 ; Kraus et al, 2013 ; Osiris et al, 2014 ; Tan et al, 2015 ).…”

“…There were few studies with a sample larger than 100 subjects ( Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Yuan et al, 2005 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Goyal et al, 2010 ; Kraus et al, 2013 ; Osiris et al, 2014 ; Tan et al, 2015 ). Similarly, most of the research considered subjects between 18 and 41 ( Yuan et al, 2005 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Kenntner-Mabiala et al, 2007 ; Goyal et al, 2010 ; Kasprzak, 2010 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Orini et al, 2010 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Croy et al, 2013 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Oh et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , 2017 ; Ishimitsu et al, 2017 ), and a few studies used subjects older than 42 ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ) as part of the sample.…”

“…Another element to note is related to the length of the listening sessions. Many studies had a listening time between 15 and 30 min ( Chang et al, 2004 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Kasprzak, 2010 ; Das et al, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Tan et al, 2015 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , b , 2017 ). Others lasted between 2 and 15 min ( Kim and André, 2008 ; Krantz et al, 2010 ; Dousty et al, 2011 ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; Hajizadeh et al, 2015 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ).…”

Influence of Binaural Beats on EEG Signal

“…Binaural beats prove that neuron discharge in the auditory nerve maintain the information about the phase of a received signal. Due to the fact that such discharges, in accordance with synchronization phenomena, appear for a specified signal phase, the result of this superposition depends on a phase difference occurring between the presented signal, which is a mapping of the binaural difference of their frequency [1][2][3].…”