The Influence of Hyperlipidemia on Platelet Activity Markers in Patients after Ischemic Stroke

Pawełczyk, Małgorzata; Baj, Zbigniew; Chmielewski, H; Kaczorowska, Beata; Klimek, A

doi:10.1159/000177920

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In this first, pioneering study, however, no correlations had been drawn with the extent of the ischemic area, or the severity of the outcome (Lee et al, 1993). These results have been confirmed, over 10 years later, using CD61 and CD62P to identify MVs of platelets origin, in whole blood of patients with ischemic stroke (Cherian et al, 2003; Pawelczyk et al, 2009). These two reports discuss their results associating increased platelet activation, testified by the increased release of MVs, with higher risk of developing stroke.…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Disordersmentioning

confidence: 68%

Microvesicles: Novel Biomarkers for Neurological Disorders

et al. 2012

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Microvesicles (MVs) are released by most cell types in physiological conditions, but their number is often increased upon cellular activation or neoplastic transformation. This suggests that their detection may be helpful in pathological conditions to have information on activated cell types and, possibly, on the nature of the activation. This could be of paramount importance in districts and tissues that are not accessible to direct examination, such as the central nervous system. Increased release of MVs has been described to be associated to the acute or active phase of several neurological disorders. While the subcellular origin of MVs (exosome or ectosomes) is basically never addressed in these studies because of technical limitations, the cell of origin is always identified. Endothelium- or platelet-derived MVs, detected in plasma or serum, are linked to neurological pathologies with a vascular or ischemic pathogenic component, and may represent a very useful marker to support therapeutic choices in stroke. In neuroinflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, MVs of oligodendroglial, or microglial origin have been described in the cerebrospinal fluid and may carry, in perspective, additional information on the biological alterations in their cell of origin. Little specific evidence is available in neurodegenerative disorders and, specifically, MVs of neural origin have never been investigated in these pathologies. Few data have been reported for neuroinfection and brain trauma. In brain tumors, despite the limited number of studies performed, results are very promising and potentially close to clinical translation. We here review all currently available data on the detection of MVs in neurological diseases, limiting our search to exclusively human studies. Current literature and our own data indicate that MVs detection may represent a very promising strategy to gain pathogenic information, identify therapeutic targets, and select specific biomarkers for neurological disorders.

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Section: Cerebrovascular Disordersmentioning

confidence: 68%

Microvesicles: Novel Biomarkers for Neurological Disorders

et al. 2012

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“…To further refine populations, microvesicles can be fixed and incubated with fluorophore-conjugated antibodies to known surface markers. Subpopulations of microvesicles are then investigated based on the presence or absence of fluorescent emission (Cherian et al 2003;Combes et al 2004;Pawelczyk et al 2009). Exosomes are typically too small to be analyzed on their own by flow cytometry.…”

Section: Isolation and Separation Formats For Shed Vesicle Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor-derived microvesicles: shedding light on novel microenvironment modulators and prospective cancer biomarkers

D’Souza‐Schorey¹,

Clancy²

2012

Genes Dev.

469

471

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Recent advances in the study of tumor-derived microvesicles reveal new insights into the cellular basis of disease progression and the potential to translate this knowledge into innovative approaches for cancer diagnostics and personalized therapy. Tumor-derived microvesicles are heterogeneous membrane-bound sacs that are shed from the surfaces of tumor cells into the extracellular environment. They have been thought to deposit paracrine information and create paths of least resistance, as well as be taken up by cells in the tumor microenvironment to modulate the molecular makeup and behavior of recipient cells. The complexity of their bioactive cargo—which includes proteins, RNA, microRNA, and DNA—suggests multipronged mechanisms by which microvesicles can condition the extracellular milieu to facilitate disease progression. The formation of these shed vesicles likely involves both a redistribution of surface lipids and the vertical trafficking of cargo to sites of microvesicle biogenesis at the cell surface. Current research also suggests that molecular profiling of these structures could unleash their potential as circulating biomarkers as well as platforms for personalized medicine. Thus, new and improved strategies for microvesicle identification, isolation, and capture will have marked implications in point-of-care diagnostics for cancer patients.

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“…The MPs are directly shed from diverse cells, such as platelets, erythrocytes, monocytes, and endothelial cells [6] and are detected in healthy individual's blood [7], urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), tears and exudates [5,8]. Moreover, elevated levels of circulating MPs under pathological states such as multiple sclerosis [9][10][11], stroke [12][13][14], traumatic brain injury [15], and diabetes [16] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the rises of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) have been reported in multiple sclerosis [11] and stroke [12,14]. Given that, both endothelial cell and platelet activation is enhanced in AD [18,19] and little data is available about the MP alteration in AD [20], here we aimed to investigate the alteration profile of plasma EMPs and PMPs in an animal model of sporadic AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%