The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

Law, Robert; Rowen, Donald W.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013588

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…This figure is somewhat below the osmolality of urine from maximally antidiuretic rats (e.g. see Atherton, Evans, Green & Thomas, 1971; Law & Rowen, 1981) but is considerably higher than that reported for inner medullary fluids, which in the rat does not greatly exceed 1000 mosmol/kg H20 even during severe hydropenia (e.g. Saikia, 1965;Hai & Thomas, 1969).…”

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Are ninhydrin‐positive substances volume‐regulatory osmolytes in rat renal papillary cells?

Law

Turner

1987

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. A study has been made of the concentrations and contents of ninhydrin-positive substances (n.p.s.), presumed to be predominantly but not exclusively amino acids, in the cells of rat renal papillary slices incubated in variously modified Krebs phosphate-bicarbonate Ringer solution.2. When the medium osmolality was increased from 710 (control) to 2000 mosmol/kg H20 by additional NaCl and urea, the steady-state cellular n.p.s. concentration rose from 42-3 +06 (mean+s.E. of mean; n = 36) to 105+2 (n = 68) mmol/l (glycine equivalent). Cell fluid content fell from 5-11 +0-09 (n = 36) to 4416+0411 (n = 68),u/mg solute-free dry weight. Hence cell n.p.s. content increased from 211+4 (n = 36) to 421 + 10 (n = 68) nmol/mg solute-free dry weight.3. A comparable loss of cell fluid was observed when urea was replaced by sucrose or sorbitol. No increase in cell n.p.s. occurred, and there was a marked cell Na+-for-K+ exohange.4. The extent of the increase in cell n.p.s. in the presence of 2000 mosmol/kg H20 (NaCl + urea) was sensitive to the presence of external anions in the sequence acetate < Cl-< NO3-< SCN-.5. Cell n.p.s. concentration increased progressively as the medium osmolality was increased by the addition of urea, but Na+ at a concentration above 330 mmol/l had an inhibitory effect. The increase in n.p.s. concentration was also significantly reduced in hyperosmotic media in which Na+ was replaced by choline.6. The increase in cell n.p.s. content due to hyperosmotic NaCl+urea was completely inhibited by pre-incubation in control medium containing trimethylamine N -oxide.7. On transference of slices from control to hyperosmotic media (NaCl + urea) the steady-state increase in cell n.p.s. concentration was complete within 20 min and followed a time course similar to that for cell fluid loss. The n.p.s. concentration and cell fluid content returned to control levels, with similar time courses, following re-immersion in control medium.8. Efflux of a-amino[1-14C]isobutyric acid (AIB) from slices pre-loaded in control medium containing 1 mmol AIB/l was slightly but significantly slower into AIB-free hyperosmotic NaCl + urea than into AIB-free control medium. The rate of efflux was

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confidence: 72%

Are ninhydrin‐positive substances volume‐regulatory osmolytes in rat renal papillary cells?

Law

Turner

1987

The Journal of Physiology

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“…It has been hypothesized that hyaluronidase plays a role in the action of antidiuretic hormone by increasing the permeability of the nephron walls, which have an ECM rich in HA [8, 9]. However, this has remained controversial [10–12]. As an initial step in exploring this hypothesis in greater detail, we wished to determine if urinary hyaluronidase is identical to the plasma enzyme.…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification and microsequencing of hyaluronidase isozymes from human urine

et al. 1997

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We recently cloned the major hyaluronidase of human plasma, which we termed HYAL1. All hyaluronidase activity could be purified from human urine on an anti-HYALl monoclonal antibody column. However, urine contains two hyaluronidases of 57 kDa and 45 kDa, whereas plasma only contains the 57 kDa activity. Microsequencing confirmed that both urinary isozymes have N-termini identical to plasma hyaluronidase, but a second N-terminus was found in the smaller isozyme, apparently derived from the terminal 25 amino acids of HYAL1, at the C-terminus. The two polypeptides of the 45 kDa isozyme resulting from endoproteolytic cleavage of the 57 kDa isoform are presumably linked by disulfide bonds. Sperm contains two isozymes of the testicular hyaluronidase, PH-20, and the lower molecular weight isozyme is believed to be an endoproteolytically processed form of the larger protein.Analogously to PH-20, the smaller isozyme of HYAL1 is likely to be a proteolytically processed product of the larger isozyme.

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“…This high concentration in the inner parts of the kidney, i.e. the medulla, is believed to provide mechanical support for the tubules and blood vessels and also to play a role in renal water handling (Ginetzinsky, 1958; Law & Rowen, 1981; Hansell et al 2000). HA shows a unique water‐binding capacity in that 1 g of HA has the ability to bind more than 1 l of water (Laurent & Fraser, 1986), which may influence water transport in the renal medulla and be of importance for maintaining the concentration gradient.…”

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Renomedullary and intestinal hyaluronan content during body water excess: a study in rats and gerbils

Göransson

Johnsson²,

Nylander

et al. 2002

The Journal of Physiology

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Our previous studies in rats have suggested a role for renomedullary hyaluronan (HA) in water homeostasis. The gerbil is known for its unique ability to conserve water. In the present study renal papillary and intestinal HA were compared between groups of anaesthetized gerbils and rats before and after up to 6 h of i.v. water loading. Baseline papillary HA in gerbils was only 37 % of that in the rat. Water loading in rats increased the papillary HA content. Elevation was maximal (+27 %, P < 0.05) after 2 h of water loading and then declined to control levels after 6 h of water loading (+3 %, n.s.). In contrast, the gerbil responded with a decreased papillary HA content during water loading. The depression was maximal after 2 h (‐49 %, P < 0.05) and was still 41 % below the control values after 6 h (P < 0.05). The urine flow rate increased rapidly in the rat and its maximum, 21 times above the control level (P < 0.05), occurred at the HA peak, i.e. after 2 h of water loading while in the gerbil, the urine flow rate increased slowly and slightly and was only six times above control values after 6 h of water loading (P < 0.05). The HA content along the intestine was similar in the two species: lowest in the duodenum and jejunum and highest in the distal colon. To conclude, in the rat, the elevation of papillary interstitial HA during acute water loading would counteract water reabsorption by changing the physico‐chemical characteristics of the interstitial matrix favouring rapid water diuresis. This would work as a complement to the powerful regulation by ADH. The gerbil has a diametrically different regulation of papillary HA turnover during water loading. The decreased papillary HA level during water loading and the slow and small diuretic response may represent a genetic difference in adaptation to enhance the ability to conserve water in an arid environment.

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The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Are ninhydrin‐positive substances volume‐regulatory osmolytes in rat renal papillary cells?

Are ninhydrin‐positive substances volume‐regulatory osmolytes in rat renal papillary cells?

Purification and microsequencing of hyaluronidase isozymes from human urine

Renomedullary and intestinal hyaluronan content during body water excess: a study in rats and gerbils

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