Bone marrow smears from 57 patients with chronic renal failure were morphologically analysed. In 55 patients on regular haemodialysis there was a slight ‘shift to the left’ and a significant eosinophilia within the granulopoiesis concurrently with slight megaloblastic changes of the erythroblasts. It is suggested that these abnormalities are caused by the dialysis procedure and not by the uraemia per se