The influence of heavy iron-doping on LiNbO3 fibers and their growth

Growth and properties of Ru-doped lithium niobate crystal

“…When an impurity is doped into the LiNbO 3 , the lattice constants change with the valence and ion radius of the dopant. For instance, in Fe-doped LiNbO 3 , the lattice constants decrease with the Fe concentration because the Fe-ion radius is smaller than that of Li-ion and Nb-ion [8,25]. According to Ref.…”

“…One of the most effective methods for improvement is to add a small amount of dopant into the congruent LiNbO 3 melt composition. A variety of dopants have been used in the past, such as Mg, Zn, Sc, and In (for reducing optical damage) [2][3][4][5], Nd, Er, Yb and Cr (for laser-host applications) [6,7], and Fe, Mn, Rh, Cu and Ce (for high-density holographic data storage) [8][9][10][11]. The material and optical properties of the crystal are also changed by the amount and type of dopant added.…”

Growth and characterization of Fe3+-doped bis(thiourea)zinc(II) chloride crystals

“…Meenakshisundaram). favourable for downward growth because the crystals would have a large meniscus angle [17]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled with metals like Fe, Co, Ni, etc.…”

Effect of reduction/oxidation treatment on blue photorefraction in In:Fe:Cu:LiNbO3 crystals

“…Three main methods have been reported to improve the photorefractive performance of LiNbO 3 crystals. One is adding a small amount of various transition metal ions, such as Fe, Mn, Rh, Cu, Ce and so on, into LiNbO 3 crystals [4][5][6]. Another is increasing the [Li]/[Nb] ratio in LiNbO 3 crystals [7,8].…”