The Influence of Growth Rate on the Development of Marek’s Disease in Chickens

Han, Peter F.-S.; Smyth, J. Robert

doi:10.3382/ps.0510975

Cited by 65 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Production traits of commercial importance are often reviled for negative correlation with innate disease resistance [105,108]. For instance, the faster growth rate in meat type chickens and turkeys has adversely affected their immune competence against many infectious diseases [49,100,117]. This has raised a controversy on the ongoing rigorous selection in poultry.…”

Section: Interactions Of Disease Resistance Production Traits and Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological basis of differences in disease resistance in the chicken

Zekarias

Huurne²,

Landman

et al. 2002

Vet. Res.

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-Genetic resistance to diseases is a multigenic trait governed mainly by the immune system and its interactions with many physiologic and environmental factors. In the adaptive immunity, T cell and B cell responses, the specific recognition of antigens and interactions between antigen presenting cells, T cells and B cells are crucial. It occurs through a network of mediator proteins such as the molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptors, immunoglobulins and secreted proteins such as the cytokines and antibodies. The diversity of these proteins that mainly is due to an intrinsic polymorphism of the genes causes phenotypic variation in disease resistance. The well-known linkage of MHC polymorphism and Marek's disease resistance difference represents a classic model revealing immunological factors in resistance differences and diversity of mediator molecules. The molecular bases in any resistance variation to infectious pathogens are vaguely understood. This paper presents a review of the major immune mediators involved in resistance and susceptibility to infectious diseases and their functional mechanisms in the chicken. The genetic interaction of disease resistance with production traits and the environment is mentioned. et les interactions entre les cellules présentant des antigènes, les cellules T et B, sont cruciales. Cela se produit à travers un réseau de protéines médiatrices telles que les molécules du complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité (CMH), les récepteurs des cellules T, les immunoglobulines et les protéines sé-crétées telles que les cytokines et les anticorps. La diversité de ces protéines, qui est surtout due au polymorphisme intrinsèque des gènes, entraîne une variation phénotypique dans la résistance aux maladies. Le lien bien connu entre le polymorphisme du CMH et les différences dans la résistance à la maladie de Marek représente un modèle classique révélant les facteurs immunologiques dans les différences de résistance et la diversité dans les molécules médiatrices. Les bases moléculaires impliquées dans toute variation de résistance aux pathogènes infectieux sont à peu près comprises. Cet article présente une synthèse sur les principaux médiateurs de l'immunité impliqués dans la résis-tance et la sensibilité aux maladies infectieuses chez le poulet et leurs mécanismes fonctionnels. L'interaction génétique entre la résistance aux maladies et les traits de production et l'environnement est mentionnée.

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Section: Interactions Of Disease Resistance Production Traits and Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological basis of differences in disease resistance in the chicken

Zekarias

Huurne²,

Landman

et al. 2002

Vet. Res.

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“…Selection of birds based on rapid growth characteristics can adversely affect disease resistance and/or the immune response (Han & Smyth, 1972;Bayyari et al, 1997). Instead of identifying birds resistant to a single pathogen, our laboratory is interested in identifying markers that will indicate which lines have the potential to mount the most effective immune response against multiple microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between in vitro heterophil function and the feathering gene in commercial broiler chickens

Swaggerty

Pevzner²,

Ferro

et al. 2003

Avian Pathology

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We recently showed that in vitro heterophil functional efficiency in commercial broiler chickens is genetically controlled and may be a sex-associated trait. To further characterize the genetic mechanism(s) of heterophil functional efficiency, we wanted to determine whether the feathering gene, present on the Z sex chromosome, contributes to heterophil functional efficiency. Heterophils from two pairs of broiler lines were evaluated; each pair contained a fast feather (FF) (lines A and X) and a slow feather (SF) line (lines B and Y). On days 1 and 4 post-hatch, heterophils isolated from two sets of pure line broilers (A and B, and X and Y) were evaluated for their ability to (1) phagocytize Salmonella enteritidis, and (2) exhibit bactericidal activity against S. enteritidis. On days 1 and 4 post-hatch, heterophils isolated from the FF lines were statistically (P 5/0.02) more proficient at phagocytizing S. enteritidis than heterophils from SF lines. Bactericidal activity was also statistically (p5/ 0.02) greater on day 1 post-hatch in the heterophils isolated from FF lines compared to heterophils isolated from SF lines. These data indicate that the presence of the FF gene locus on the Z sex chromosome contributes to heterophil function and may contribute to the early innate immune competence of a flock.

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“…Thus the fate of genetic resistance to MD in vaccinated populations would depend on the genetic correlation between resistance to MD and the traits under selection. In this regard, a negative correlation has been observed between resistance to MD and body weight in population under selection for rapid growth (Han and Smyth, 1972;Friars etal, 1972;Gavora etal, 1973;Hartmann and Sanz, 1974). Data on the correlation between resistance to MD and egg production are rather poor .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%