The influence of gluten on clinical and immunological status of common marmosets (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>)

Kuehnel, F.; Mietsch, Matthias; Buettner, Thomas; Vervuert, Ingrid; Ababneh, Rayan; Einspanier, A.

doi:10.1111/jmp.12055

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Clinical and pathological findings for marmosets with duodenal dilation (Case Nos [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. and control animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel gastrointestinal disease in common marmosets characterised by duodenal dilation: a clinical and pathological study

Mineshige

Inoue

Yasuda

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are frequently used for biomedical research but gastrointestinal diseases have been major health problems to maintain captive marmosets. We have diagnosed a novel gastrointestinal disease in marmosets, as which we propose to call 'marmoset duodenal dilation syndrome'; this disease is characterised by proximal duodenal obstruction and dilation. this study aimed to reveal the clinical and pathological findings of this syndrome and establish appropriate diagnostic imaging methods. Animals with the syndrome comprised 21.9% of the necropsy cases at the central institute for experimental Animals in Kawasaki, Japan. the syndrome is characterised by clinical signs included vomiting, bloating, and weight loss. Grossly, all diseased animals exhibited significant dilation of the descending part of the duodenum, which contained a mixture of gas and fluid. The duodenal dilations were definitively diagnosed by contrast radiography. Moreover, a combination of plain radiography and ultrasonography was found to be a viable screening method for diagnosing duodenal dilation. the animals with duodenal dilation characteristically showed adhesions between the descending duodenum and ascending colon with chronic peritonitis. the cause of marmoset duodenal dilation syndrome remains unknown, but was likely multifactorial, including peritoneal adhesion, chronic ulcer, and feeding conditions in this study. The common marmoset (marmoset) (Callithrix jacchus), is a New World primate that has been increasing number of used in biomedical and preclinical research in recent years 1-3. Marmosets have several advantages as experimental animals including their small size (300-500 g), easy handling, and relatively rapid generational turnover 1-3. Recent progress in transgenic and genome editing technology has also expanded the research use of marmosets 1,2,4. Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are major problems to maintain captive marmosets 5-7. Of these, the most important GI disease is Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS), which is characterised by progressive weight loss, muscle atrophy, alopecia, diarrhoea, and enteritis 5,8,9. Its prevalence has been reported to be as high as 28-60% in captive colonies around the world 5,9. Several aetiologies have been suggested for MWS, including allergic, infectious, and autoimmune, but the exact pathogenesis remains unknown 9-12. On the other hand, acute gastric dilation is well known as a GI disease in some nonhuman primates including marmosets and is characterised by voluminous gas and fluid retention in the stomach, vomiting, collapse, and death 13,14. Herein we describe a novel chronic GI disease with proximal duodenal obstruction and dilation in marmosets. This GI disease is characterised by repetitive vomiting, chronic bloating, and exhaustion, which result from the duodenal dilation and obstruction. This study aimed to (1) reveal the clinical and pathological findings of this novel GI disease, (2) establish a diagnostic imaging method using contrast radiology, and (3) de...

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“…Clinical and pathological findings for marmosets with duodenal dilation (Case Nos [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. and control animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel gastrointestinal disease in common marmosets characterised by duodenal dilation: a clinical and pathological study

Mineshige

Inoue

Yasuda

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…While theoretically plausible, more than 80% of diets in this survey contained wheat gluten, which was disproportionate to the number of animals with MWS. A laboratory based study on tamarins and gluten noted that tamarins did not display a high immune reaction to the gliadin protein found in gluten (Kuehnel et al, ). Only 12 out of the 40 tamarin specimens used in that study showed acute immune reaction to the presence of wheat gluten in their diet, but not all of these individuals had MWS related signs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased fiber in the diet also modulates the insulin resisting effect of soluble carbohydrates (Roberfroid, 1993). In previous studies where gluten free diets were shown to be beneficial for MWS, the fiber content was also increased and this may have contributed to their positive results (Kuehnel et al, 2013). Removing or reducing fruit from diets and replacing them with vegetables will also reduce soluble carbohydrates and increase fiber fractions, perhaps giving the same positive results (Britt et al, 2015;Cabana & Nekaris, 2015).…”

Section: The Fiber Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of possible nutritional and stress risk factors in the development of marmoset wasting syndrome

Cabana¹,

Maguire²,

Hsu³

et al. 2018

Zoo Biology

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Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS) describes a series of symptoms in callitrichids that lead to general weakness and a failure to thrive in captive conditions such as zoological institutions. Though the cause of MWS has not been identified, the majority of hypotheses are linked to deficiencies of specific nutrients and increased stress levels. Questionnaires were sent to zoos requesting information on diets and housing of currently living and dead callitrichids before their deaths, as well as their postmortem reports. Risk factors for development and occurrence of MWS include close proximity of predator enclosures and high levels of dietary magnesium and zinc. Variables with effects which may protect against the development of MWS included provision of a nest box, natural trees within enclosure, reduced visibility to visitors, as well as dietary factors such as higher concentrations of potassium and fiber fractions. The protective effects of limited concentrate feeds and increased total dietary fiber may help reduce the risks of developing MWS. The minerals may not have biological implications in MWS per se, however, they may be reflective of diets too high in concentrates and too low in plant matter. Habitat designs that are less naturalistic and those which provide insufficient privacy or hide areas may increase chronic stress for callitrichid species, possibly because of visitor-related stress. Other causes of chronic stress in captive zoo populations should be the topic of further research to reduce occurrence of MWS.

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“…Weight loss and wasting are nonspecific signs in marmosets and may be associated with a number of clinical entities. These findings have been associated with parasitic infection [36,88e90], gluten sensitivity [91], dietary protein deficiency [92,93], vitamin E deficiency [23], stress, and gliadin hypersensitivity [94,95]. In one survey of zoos, no fewer than 10 causes were proposed by survey respondents [96].…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional investigations into dietary factors would be worthwhile. Recent reports of gluten sensitivity including elevations in anti-Gliadin antibodies and positive response to food trials eliminating gluten indicate that dietary factors, specifically incorporation of cereals into the diet, may play a role in the development of IBD [91,94,95]. Furthermore, in one…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

Kramer

2019

The Common Marmoset in Captivity and Biomedical Research

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The influence of gluten on clinical and immunological status of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract: Gluten ingestion caused gastrointestinal symptoms in common marmosets, which disappeared on gluten withdrawal. Considering the immunological response to both diets, gluten sensitivity seems to be most likely.

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Novel gastrointestinal disease in common marmosets characterised by duodenal dilation: a clinical and pathological study

Novel gastrointestinal disease in common marmosets characterised by duodenal dilation: a clinical and pathological study

Identification of possible nutritional and stress risk factors in the development of marmoset wasting syndrome

Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

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