The influence of geometry and other fundamental challenges for bio-sensing with field effect transistors

Rollo, Serena; Rani, Dipti; Olthuis, Wouter; García, César Pascual

doi:10.1007/s12551-019-00592-5

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…As proof, increasing V GS decreases channel resistance to establish a significatively I DS because the basal V DS forces the charges to flow through in the S → D direction. Whether G or channel surfaces are coated with a biorecognition element, the voltage (V G ) alteration produced by a given concentration of ions after a given biorecognition event may be assessed as a function of the analyte concentration [ 125 ]. Then, the inlet signal I GS is altered, modifying the outlet I DS into the channel, amplified for further readout processing.…”

Section: Wearable Epidermal Biosensors (Webs) Design and Mode Of Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the sensor's geometry affects the time needed to produce a steady-state signal, only achieved when the union between the analyte, into the sample, and the biorecognition element, onto the biosensor, be at equilibrium [ 139 ]. To illustrate, while planar FET and WE may interact with the sample just in one of its sides (1D), nanostructures like nanowires (2D) and nanospheres (3D) include the perpendicular interaction, accomplishing the equilibrium faster, and its associated steady-state signal [ 125 ]. Thus, nanostructured devices may help overcome the required response time to detect an analyte in a real-time manner.…”

Section: Challenges Of Webs Design and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the protein content of the sweat is relatively low, the biofouling should be minor compared with whole serum or deeper biofluids like ISF. Additionally, microfluidics to separate the device components, a prefiltration or preconcentration of the sample, and differential readout methods also help to reduce the biofouling [ 125 ].

Fig.…”

Section: Challenges Of Webs Design and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable electrochemical biosensors to measure biomarkers with complex blood-to-sweat partition such as proteins and hormones

Pérez

Orozco

2022

Microchim Acta

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Smart electronic devices based on micro-controllers, also referred to as fashion electronics, have raised wearable technology. These devices may process physiological information to facilitate the wearer's immediate biofeedback in close contact with the body surface. Standard market wearable devices detect observable features as gestures or skin conductivity. In contrast, the technology based on electrochemical biosensors requires a biomarker in close contact with both a biorecognition element and an electrode surface, where electron transfer phenomena occur. The noninvasiveness is pivotal for wearable technology; thus, one of the most common target tissues for real-time monitoring is the skin. Noninvasive biosensors formats may not be available for all analytes, such as several proteins and hormones, especially when devices are installed cutaneously to measure in the sweat. Processes like cutaneous transcytosis, the paracellular cell–cell unions, or even reuptake highly regulate the solutes content of the sweat. This review discusses recent advances on wearable devices based on electrochemical biosensors for biomarkers with a complex blood-to-sweat partition like proteins and some hormones, considering the commented release regulation mechanisms to the sweat. It highlights the challenges of wearable epidermal biosensors (WEBs) design and the possible solutions. Finally, it charts the path of future developments in the WEBs arena in converging/emerging digital technologies. Graphical abstract

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Section: Wearable Epidermal Biosensors (Webs) Design and Mode Of Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges Of Webs Design and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fig.…”

Section: Challenges Of Webs Design and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable electrochemical biosensors to measure biomarkers with complex blood-to-sweat partition such as proteins and hormones

Pérez

Orozco

2022

Microchim Acta

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“…It is imperative to keep the power factor as low as possible to prevent temperature increase and accordingly cell death. Or to construct a wide-ranging biological micro-device that can identify cellular reactions and process the gathered data, digitization of blocks in conjunction with multi-array electrode systems might be needed [ 176 , 177 ]. In addition, implantable systems that are capable of real-time reporting of cellular activities set the stage for the emergence of a new category of sensing platforms.…”

Section: Non- Selective Adhesion For Cell-based Screening Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensing based on field-effect transistors (FET): Recent progress and challenges

Sadighbayan

Hasanzadeh

Ghafar-Zadeh

2020

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

182

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The use of field-Effect-Transistor (FET) type biosensing arrangements has been highlighted by researchers in the field of early biomarker detection and drug screening. Their non-metalized gate dielectrics that are exposed to an electrolyte solution cover the semiconductor material and actively transduce the biological changes on the surface. The efficiency of these novel devices in detecting different biomolecular analytes in a real-time, highly precise, specific, and label-free manner has been validated by numerous research studies. Considerable progress has been attained in designing FET devices, especially for biomedical diagnosis and cell-based assays in the past few decades. The exceptional electronic properties, compactness, and scalability of these novel tools are very desirable for designing rapid, label-free, and mass detection of biomolecules. With the incorporation of nanotechnology, the performance of biosensors based on FET boosts significantly, particularly, employment of nanomaterials such as graphene, metal nanoparticles, single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanorods, and nanowires. Besides, their commercial availability, and high-quality production on a large-scale, turn them to be one of the most preferred sensing and screening platforms. This review presents the basic structural setup and working principle of different types of FET devices. We also focused on the latest progression regarding the use of FET biosensors for the recognition of viruses such as, recently emerged COVID-19, Influenza, Hepatitis B Virus, protein biomarkers, nucleic acids, bacteria, cells, and various ions. Additionally, an outline of the development of FET sensors for investigations related to drug development and the cellular investigation is also presented. Some technical strategies for enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of detection in these devices are addressed as well. However, there are still certain challenges which are remained unaddressed concerning the performance and clinical use of transistor-based point-of-care (POC) instruments; accordingly, expectations about their future improvement for biosensing and cellular studies are argued at the end of this review.

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“…www.advmattechnol.de ionic strength of the solution. [41] As a result, while the detection of relatively small analytes are straightforward, Debye screening can significantly reduce the responses for sensing of large biomolecules (e.g. proteins), where receptors (typically antibodies) can have sizes larger than the Debye length.…”

Section: Biomolecule Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Engineering of Si Hybrid Nanostructures for Chemical and Biological Sensing

Rogers

2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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Opportunities for quantitative, real‐time monitoring of gases, ions, and biomolecules in the environment and in the human body motivate programs of fundamental and applied research on chemically selective sensors with fast response times. In this context, silicon field‐effect transistors are of considerable interest as label‐free, scalable platforms for detecting a variety of chemical and biological species. Herein, recent progress and research directions in this area are reviewed. The focus of this article is on operational parameters, device architectures, schemes for surface chemical functionalization, and methods for bio‐integration across a variety of use cases. The content includes strategies that combine Si with other functional materials to create hybrid structures for enhanced sensing performance. The final section highlights some remaining challenges and provides perspectives on the future of basic research and engineering development in this field.

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The influence of geometry and other fundamental challenges for bio-sensing with field effect transistors

Cited by 10 publications

References 67 publications

Wearable electrochemical biosensors to measure biomarkers with complex blood-to-sweat partition such as proteins and hormones

Wearable electrochemical biosensors to measure biomarkers with complex blood-to-sweat partition such as proteins and hormones

Biosensing based on field-effect transistors (FET): Recent progress and challenges

Interface Engineering of Si Hybrid Nanostructures for Chemical and Biological Sensing

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