The influence of gender on suicidal ideation following military sexual trauma among Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

Monteith, Lindsey L.; Bahraini, Nazanin H.; Matarazzo, Bridget B.; Gerber, Holly R.; Soberay, Kelly A.; Forster, Jeri E.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.036

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We found no gender difference in suicidal ideation for either gender beyond medical school. While we hypothesized higher suicidal ideation rates among females, some reports in the general population show no significant difference (Casey et al, ; Fortuna et al, ; Guan et al, ; Langhinrichsen‐Rohling et al, ; Monteith et al, ) and others a higher prevalence in females (Botega et al, ; Eshun, ; Gmitrowicz et al, ). Although the reason for this inconsistency is unclear, our unexpected finding indicating more suicidal ideations among males—especially male medical students—may be a chance finding because the similar differences were not found on the other items measuring suicidal thoughts (PHQ‐9) and behaviors, or it may be a function of our data coming from self‐selected respondents to the survey rather than a representative sample of the underlying populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In the general population, men are 3.5 times more likely to die by suicide (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention & National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2016). Women report higher rates of attempted suicide (Bebbington et al, 2009;Garofalo, Wolf, Wissow, Woods, & Goodman, 1999), however, the effect of gender on suicidal ideation is less clear-cut (Botega, Barros, Oliveira, Dalgalarrondo, & Marín-León, 2005;Casey et al, 2006;Eshun, 2000;Fortuna, Perez, Canino, Sribney, & Alegria, 2007;Gmitrowicz, Szymczak, Kropiwnicki, & Rabe-Jabłońska, 2003;Guan, Fox, & Prinstein, 2012;Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Arata, Bowers, O'Brien, & Morgan, 2004 ;Monteith et al, 2016). Several suicide risk factors differ according to gender.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gender differences among medical students, house staff, and faculty physicians at high risk for suicide: A HEAR report

et al. 2019

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Background In comparison with the general population, physicians, and physicians‐in‐training are at greater risk for suicide. Although key gender differences in suicide risk factors and behaviors have been identified in the general population, the extent to which these differences apply to physicians and physicians‐in‐training is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify gender differences in risk factors, clinical presentation, and help‐seeking behaviors of medical students, house staff, and physician faculty at high risk for suicide. Methods We explored gender differences among 450 physicians and trainees meeting criteria for high suicide risk on anonymous online questionnaires completed between 2009 and 2017. Results High‐risk female trainees and physicians had higher mean Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) scores compared with the males (11.1, standard deviation [SD] 5.1 vs. 9.8, SD 4.7) and were more likely to endorse feeling worried (73.8% vs. 61.2%), irritable (60.4% vs. 49.4%), and stressed (79.6% vs. 70%). High‐risk male trainees and physicians were more likely than females to endorse suicidal thoughts (31.2% vs. 22.1%), intense anger (24.3% vs. 16.1%), drinking too much (31.2% vs. 22.3%), and recreational drug or prescription medication use without clinically appropriate follow‐up (9.4% vs. 4.3%). There were no gender differences in help‐seeking behaviors. Conclusions This is the first study to report gender differences among risk factors, presentation, and help‐seeking behaviors of physicians, and trainees at high risk for suicide. Our findings are mostly consistent with those of the general population and show that only a minority of at‐risk men and women in healthcare sought treatment, highlighting the importance of intervention and suicide prevention in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

Gender differences among medical students, house staff, and faculty physicians at high risk for suicide: A HEAR report

et al. 2019

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“…Nineteen studies reported on the association between PTSD and SI. The majority of included studies were determined to have a high overall risk of bias (n = 13), four had a moderate risk of bias (Magruder et al, 2012;Denneson et al, 2014;Monteith et al, 2016;Kimbrel et al, 2018a), and only two studies had a low overall risk of bias (Corson et al, 2013;Finley et al, 2015). Bivariate associations between PTSD and SI were generally significant (significant in ten studies, non-significant in three studies; Table 2).…”

Section: Kq2: Association Of Ptsd With Si Among Military Personnel Anmentioning

confidence: 98%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicidal Self-Directed Violence Among U.S. Military Personnel and Veterans: A Systematic Review of the Literature From 2010 to 2018

et al. 2020

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Rates of suicide and posttraumatic stress disorder remain high among United States military personnel and veterans. Building upon prior work, we conducted a systematic review of research published from 2010 to 2018 regarding: (1) the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide among United States military personnel and veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder; (2) whether posttraumatic stress disorder was associated with suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide among United States military personnel and veterans. 2,106 titles and abstracts were screened, with 48 articles included. Overall risk of bias was generally high for studies on suicidal ideation or suicide attempt and low for studies on suicide. Across studies, rates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide widely varied based on study methodology and assessment approaches. Findings regarding the association between posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis with suicidal ideation and suicide were generally mixed, and some studies reported that posttraumatic stress disorder was associated with lower risk for suicide. In contrast, most studies reported significant associations between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide attempt. These findings suggest complex associations between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide, which are likely influenced by other factors (e.g., psychiatric comorbidity). In addition, most samples were comprised of veterans, rather than military personnel. Further research is warranted to elucidate associations between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide, including identification of moderators and mediators of this relationship. Addressing this among United States military personnel, by gender, and in relation to different trauma types is also necessary.

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“…Furthermore, MST has been relatively understudied in men, and prior research has obtained evidence of gender differences in the association between MST and suicidal ideation. 6 In addition, recent findings suggest that MST survivors who identify as a sexual and/or gender minority are more likely to report a history of suicide attempt than non-gender/sexual minority MST survivors. 55 As such, it will be important for future research to extrapolate the role of gender and to consider a non-gender binary lens, as well as sexual orientation, in these associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric and Interpersonal Correlates of Suicide Ideation in Military Sexual Trauma Survivors: The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

et al. 2018

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Background Veterans who experience military sexual trauma are at increased risk for experiencing suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide. Yet few studies have attempted to discern factors that relate to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among survivors of military sexual trauma. The present study aimed to identify psychiatric and interpersonal correlates of suicidal ideation (primary aim) and suicide attempt (secondary aim) among survivors of military sexual trauma. Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 115 veterans (56 females; mean age = 53.24) who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study and reported experiencing military sexual trauma. Self-report measures assessed psychological distress, hazardous alcohol use, social support, loneliness, social acknowledgment following one’s worst trauma, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Results Military sexual trauma survivors who reported more severe psychological distress (OR = 2.88), hazardous alcohol use (OR = 1.14), and perceived general disapproval from others (OR = 1.14) were significantly more likely to report experiencing suicidal ideation in the past two weeks. Hazardous alcohol use (OR = 1.19) and perceived general disapproval from others (OR = 1.36) were associated with being more likely to report attempting suicide in adulthood. Conclusions Addressing alcohol misuse, psychological distress, and perceived general disapproval from others in relation to one’s worst traumatic event is recommended when assessing and managing suicide risk among veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma. Findings also contribute to a growing literature highlighting the importance of understanding perceptions of the interpersonal response to trauma. Considering the cross-sectional design, longitudinal research is needed to further elucidate the roles of these constructs in predicting suicidal ideation and suicide attempt following military sexual trauma.

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The influence of gender on suicidal ideation following military sexual trauma among Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Gender differences among medical students, house staff, and faculty physicians at high risk for suicide: A HEAR report

Gender differences among medical students, house staff, and faculty physicians at high risk for suicide: A HEAR report

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicidal Self-Directed Violence Among U.S. Military Personnel and Veterans: A Systematic Review of the Literature From 2010 to 2018

Psychiatric and Interpersonal Correlates of Suicide Ideation in Military Sexual Trauma Survivors: The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

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