The influence of fly and bottom ash deposition on the quality of Kastela Bay sediments

The Labin City area has represented the major Croatian coal mining, metal industry and coal-fired electricity centre for more than two centuries. The domestic superhigh-organic-sulphur (SHOS) Raša coal is a unique variety compared to other coal types worldwide, based on its highest organic sulphur values, up to 11%. It was utilised in the Plomin coal-fired power plant during the period 1970-2000, and was replaced by an imported lowS coal afterwards. This paper presents the levels of S, Se, V, U, Hg, Sr, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn in the two coal types, their bottom ash, seawater and plant (clover, mushroom and foliage) specimens collected from the Labin City area, while the sulphate was measured in surface stream water. Their levels were compared with relevant legislative as well as the published data from different world localities. Data analysis was interpreted in the context of past and recent coal combustion activities. [

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“…Comparison of the A SHOS data with other relevant studies (a-e), all in mg/kg Oreščanin et al (2005). c - Marrero et al (2007).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 95%

Geochemistry of Croatian superhigh-organic-sulphur Raa coal, imported low-S coal, and bottom ash: their Se and trace metal fingerprints in seawater, clover, foliage, and mushroom specimens

Medunić

Kuharić

Krivohlavek

et al. 2018

IJOGCT

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“…Table 4 shows that the concentration of the macro, micro and trace elements in the fly ash from the Plaški site were below or within the ranges found for the same elements in the same type of the waste material from the different regions of the world. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The concentrations of uranium and thorium in the samples from the Plaški site are in the most cases significantly lower compared to the values of these elements found in the fly ash from the available world literature. The average concentration of uranium in the world's soils is 3 mg/kg and thorium 11 mg/kg and varies depending on the bedrock on which soil is developed.…”

Section: Chemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The results of discriminant analysis for the tested samples. For the comparison, the average effective dose rate over the landfill in Kastel Gomilica, Croatia before remediation was 13.26 mSv/year [1,2] which was app. 8 times higher compared to the mean value of the effective dose determined for Plaški landfill.…”

Section: Total Effective Dose Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] From the published papers considering the characterization of fly ash from different regions of the world it is possible to conclude that apart from elevated to high radionuclide activity, fly ash also contains significant concentrations of heavy metals. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The following ranges of the elements were found: As from 14 to 1650 mg/kg; Cd from 0.27 to 15.5 mg/kg; Cu from 19 to 415 mg/kg; Hg from 0.006 to 1.75 mg/kg; Ni from 22 to 377 mg/kg; Pb from 24.6 to 1075 mg/kg; Se from 3 to 239 mg/kg; Th from 10.8 to 105 mg/kg; U from 4.7 to 277 mg/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical and radiological characterization of fly and bottom ash landfill of the former sulfate pulp factory Plaški and its surroundings

Oreščanin

Kollar

Buben

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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The subject of this study was chemical and radiological characterization of the fly and bottom ash, by-product of the combustion of coal used as an energy source in the former sulfate pulp factory in Plaški. The research involves determination of the concentration of macro, micro and trace elements and activities of the radionuclides in: (i) ash from different positions of the landfill; (ii) soil samples in the zone of the influence of the landfill; (iii) control soil samples and (iv) sediment sample from the river Dretulja. Besides, in situ measurement of an effective dose rate above ash/soil was also determined. In relation with the control soil the average increase of the concentrations of the elements Ca, Cd, Hg, Ni, Se, Sr, Th and U in the samples taken from the fly and bottom ash landfill as well as soil samples within the radius of 300 m from the landfill was 38.3, 6.7, 9.9, 8.5, 9.4, 7.2, 3.6 and 5.7 times, respectively. In these samples, the concentrations of the above mentioned elements were in the following ranges: calcium from 7.94 to 19.7 %; cadmium from 0.33 to 1.66 mg/kg; mercury from 0.18 to 0.49 mg/kg; nickel from 260 to 1500 mg/kg; selenium from 2.7 to 21 mg/kg; strontium from 176 to 542 mg/kg; thorium from 8 to 55 mg/kg and uranium from 5.6 to 19.7 mg/kg. Compared to the world's average soil concentration, uranium and thorium values increased 3.7 and 1.7 times, respectively. The mean value of the total effective dose rate measured in the air at the height of 1 m for all samples of ash and soil under the influence of the landfill was 1.60 mSv/yr. Compared to the Croatian average (0.7015 mSv/yr), the determined mean value for the Plaški landfill is two times higher. However, compared to the local background (0.14 mSv/yr), the mean value of the total effective dose rate measured above the Plaški landfill is 11.4 times higher. In the samples of ash and contaminated soil regardless of the sampling location the activity concentrations of the radionuclides in Bq/kg vary in the following ranges: (226)Ra from 82.10 to 314.90 (mean value 145.99), (232)Th from 32.50 to 223.60 (mean value 76.76) and (238)U from 69.10 to 243.20 (mean value 134.38). Compared to the mean values found in the background soil (226)Ra and (238)U mean activity concentrations increased from 1.6 to 6.4 times and (232)Th from 1.4 to 4.3 times. In order to reduce total effective dose rate to the local "background" values and to prevent redistribution of the radionuclides and heavy metals from the deposited material into the environment fly and bottom ash landfill must be sealed with 10 cm thick layer of the material with low permeability.

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“…However, intensive industrialization and urbanization were not followed by the intensive infrastructure development and various contaminants were discharged into the Bay. Large amounts of untreated sewage waste waters, runoff, and industrial waters were discharged into the Bay for decades and TENORM was also deposited in the Bay (Margeta, 2002;Ujevi c et al, 2000) influencing sediment quality in the Bay (Orescanin et al, 2005). These discharges represented a significant anthropogenic source of particulate matter for deposition in the Bay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variation of sedimentation rate in the semi-enclosed bay determined by 137Cs distribution in sediment (Kaštela Bay, Croatia)

Mikelić

Oreščanin

Škaro³

2017

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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The influence of fly and bottom ash deposition on the quality of Kastela Bay sediments

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Geochemistry of Croatian superhigh-organic-sulphur Raa coal, imported low-S coal, and bottom ash: their Se and trace metal fingerprints in seawater, clover, foliage, and mushroom specimens

Geochemistry of Croatian superhigh-organic-sulphur Raa coal, imported low-S coal, and bottom ash: their Se and trace metal fingerprints in seawater, clover, foliage, and mushroom specimens

Chemical and radiological characterization of fly and bottom ash landfill of the former sulfate pulp factory Plaški and its surroundings

Variation of sedimentation rate in the semi-enclosed bay determined by 137Cs distribution in sediment (Kaštela Bay, Croatia)

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