The influence of facility agriculture production on phthalate esters distribution in black soils of northeast China

Zhang, Ying; Wang, Pengjie; Wang, Lei; Sun, Guoqiang; Zhao, Jiaying; Zhang, Hui; Du, Na

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.075

Cited by 121 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Table 4 shows the concentrations of the 6 PAEs in the soil in this study and those published in other studies conducted at home and abroad. Compared with the other results at home, the concentrations of PAEs in the soil in this study were higher than those in the agricultural soil collected from Tianjin, Mainland, Northeast China, Yangtze River Delta and those collected from soil with plastic film or greenhouses in Nanjing [10,13,22,23,28,35]; however, the values from the current study were lower than those reported for Xiangyang and Shandong Peninsula [12,19]. Compared with results from studies conducted abroad, the levels of PAEs in this study were higher than the levels found in agricultural soils from Danish, American, The Netherlands, Czech Republic and Parisian studies, as well as urban soil from Serbia [14,16,18,21,36,37].…”

Section: Concentrations Of the 6 Paes And Each Individual Pae In The contrasting

confidence: 89%

“…The contributions of DEP or BBP were typically less than 5%. The compositions were similar to those reported in other regions [10,15,20,22,28], where DEHP and DnBP were also the dominant compounds in crops, accounting for 25.7%~67.1% and 20.0%~46.9%, respectively. The reasons for these results were that DEHP and DnBP have low water solubility and thus, are readily absorbed to soil; therefore, these compounds typically have relatively higher accumulation rates in crops.…”

Section: Concentrations Of 6 Paes and Each Pae In Cereal Grainssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The groundwater table was monitored in an observation well located at the experimental base, it was approximately 8.0 m below the ground surface during the experimental year. that were amended with sludge were higher than those without sludge; and DEHP and DnBP were often the most abundant compounds [10,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Irrigation with wastewater and reclaimed water has been promoted in arid and semi-arid areas due to water shortages [25,26].…”

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentrations of PAEs in soil and vegetables under plastic film were 0.15~18.8 mg/kg and 0.51~7.16 mg/kg, respectively; the concentrations of PAEs in soil and vegetables in greenhouses ranged from 0.14 to 4.9 mg/kg and 0.15 to 6.94 mg/kg, respectively; the concentrations of PAEs in soils collected from film mulching fields and greenhouse fields were higher than those from fields where no film was used; the concentrations of PAEs in soil and radish that were amended with sludge were higher than those without sludge; and DEHP and DnBP were often the most abundant compounds [10,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, PAEs can exist in the soil for a long time and can pass to crops and enter into food chains, posing a risk to environmental and human health [6]. The main sources of PAEs in agricultural soil-plant systems are plastic films (e.g., greenhouse films, mulching film), wastewater irrigation, sewage sludge, and atmospheric (wet and dry) deposition [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Risk of Phthalate Ester (PAE) Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated with Treated Sewage Effluent

Huang

et al. 2018

Water

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Waste/reclaimed irrigation water has been promoted due to water shortages in arid and semi-arid areas. However, this process may be one of the sources of phthalate esters (PAEs) in agricultural soils, and the potential risks of PAEs for soil ecosystems and human health have attracted considerable attention. A two-year (from October 2014 to October 2016) field experiment was conducted to assess the contamination risk of PAEs from reclaimed irrigation water in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.) fields on the North China Plain. Three types of irrigation water quality were arranged for each variety, including reclaimed water, groundwater, and a mixture of reclaimed water and groundwater (1:1, v/v). The results indicate that the concentrations of the 6 PAEs in topsoil ranged from 2.79 to 5.34 mg/kg at the time of crop harvest. There was no significant effect of reclaimed irrigation water on the concentrations of PAEs in the soil. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the most abundant contaminants in all soil samples, accounting for 43.2%~68.7% and 27.1%~48.6%, respectively, of the 6 PAEs. The levels of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and DnBP in all soil samples exceeded the allowable soil concentrations, but the levels were far below the recommended soil cleanup objectives. The grain yields of winter wheat and summer maize ranged from 4.35 to 7.1 t/ha and 1.03 to 6.46 t/ha, respectively. There were no significant effects of reclaimed water on the growth characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat (p > 0.05); however, the effect of reclaimed irrigation water on summer maize was influenced by climate. The concentrations of the 6 PAEs in wheat grain and maize grain ranged from 1.03 to 4.05 mg/kg and from 0.37 to 3.29 mg/kg, respectively. For the same variety, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of the 6 PAEs in cereal grains among different treatments (p > 0.05). DEHP and DnBP were the most abundant components in most crop samples, accounting for 31.6%~77.9% and 21.1%~64.7%, respectively, of the 6 PAEs. The concentrations of the PAEs, DnBP and DEHP in cereal grains were lower than those in the reference doses. The BCFs of the 6 PAEs and of each PAE in cereal grains were 0.43~1.25 and 0.33~35.75, respectively. The BCFs of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) were the highest (1.41~35.75), followed by DMP and DEHP. There were almost no significant differences in the BCFs of each PAE among the three treatments. The total carcinogenic risks of PAEs were 2.82 × 10 −5 for adults and 1.81 × 10 −5 for children. The total non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs were 3.37 × 10 −1 for adults and 7.98 × 10 −1 for children. DHEP was the dominant contributor to both risks, and the intake of cereals was the main exposure pathway for the two risks. In conclusion, there were no significant effects of reclaimed irrigation water on the concentrations of PAEs in soil and cereal grains compared with groundwater irrigation, and the human health risks were within ...

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Section: Concentrations Of the 6 Paes And Each Individual Pae In The contrasting

confidence: 89%

Section: Concentrations Of 6 Paes and Each Pae In Cereal Grainssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Assessing the Risk of Phthalate Ester (PAE) Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated with Treated Sewage Effluent

Huang

et al. 2018

Water

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Di‐(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phthalate as a Chemical Indicator for Phthalic Acid Esters: An Investigation into Phthalic Acid Esters in Cultivated Fields and E‐Waste Dismantling Sites

Liu

Peng

Lin

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) represent an ongoing pollution problem and have attracted extensive attention due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment. We investigated the distribution of 6 PAEs (benzyl butyl phthalate [BBP], dibutyl phthalate [DBP], di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP], diethyl phthalate [DEP], dimethyl phthalate [DMP], and di‐n‐octyl phthalate [DnOP]) in cultivated soils, including vegetable fields and paddy fields, as well as the soils of E‐waste dismantling sites. We also explored the relationship between the particle size of soils and the distribution of PAEs, put forward a novel method to forecast the occurrence and fate of PAEs in soils with DEHP used as a chemical indicator, and made a preliminary assessment of the potential ecological risks of the 6 target compounds in soils. The results showed that the detection rate of target PAEs was 100%, and that the concentrations of ∑6PAEs ranged from 1.2 to 7.3 mg/kg in vegetable fields, 1.2 to 1.5 mg/kg in paddy fields, and 11.8 to 17.9 mg/kg in E‐waste dismantling sites. In addition, DEHP exhibited the maximum concentrations (0.480–15.34 mg/kg) in all soil samples. The results also showed that in the wake of decreasing particle size, increasing soil organic carbon would enhance the sorption of PAEs in soils. Moreover, the correlation formula of DEHP successfully predicted the concentrations of other PAEs and ∑ 6PAEs in soils, suggesting that DEHP could be a dependable chemical indicator for forecasting the environmental occurrence of PAEs in soils. Based on the residual levels in the trial sites and limited toxicity data, high risks to soil organisms are expected for DBP, DEP, and DEHP, and low–medium risks for BBP, DnOP, and DMP. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1–11. © 2019 SETAC

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The occurrence, fate, toxicity, and biodegradation of phthalate esters: An overview

Puri

Gandhi

Kumar

2023

Water Environment Research

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Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a class of emerging xenobiotic compounds that are extensively used as plasticizers. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern over the risk of this pervasive pollution exposure causing endocrine disruption and carcinogenicity in humans and animals. The widespread use of PAEs in home and industrial applications has resulted in their discharge in aquatic bodies via leaching, volatilization, and precipitation. In this overview, the current state of PAE pollution, its potential origins, its fate, as well as its effects on the aquatic environment are discussed. A state-of-the-art review of several studies in the literature that focus on the biological degradation of PAEs is included in this study. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive view of current research on PAEs in the environment, highlighting its fate and alleviated risks on the aquatic biotas, their challenges, future prospects, and the need for good management and policies for its remediation. Practitioner Points:• Occurrence of phthalate esters was summarized in various environmental matrices along with its serious ecotoxicological implications on biota.• Wastewater is the prime source of PAEs contamination.• Lack of species-specific effects on biota due to dose, exposure route, and susceptibility.• The predominant route to mineralization in PAEs is biodegradation.• A critical analysis of worldwide PAE production and consumption identifies the necessity for global PAE production, consumption, and release policies.

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The influence of facility agriculture production on phthalate esters distribution in black soils of northeast China

Cited by 121 publications

References 43 publications

Assessing the Risk of Phthalate Ester (PAE) Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated with Treated Sewage Effluent

Assessing the Risk of Phthalate Ester (PAE) Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated with Treated Sewage Effluent

Di‐(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phthalate as a Chemical Indicator for Phthalic Acid Esters: An Investigation into Phthalic Acid Esters in Cultivated Fields and E‐Waste Dismantling Sites

The occurrence, fate, toxicity, and biodegradation of phthalate esters: An overview

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