The influence of facies and depositional environment on the occurrence and distribution of carbazoles and benzocarbazoles in crude oils: a case study from the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Bakr, M.; Wilkes, Heinz

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(02)00016-5

Cited by 82 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The ratio benzo[a] to benzo [c] carbazoles [a/(a+c)] covers a range from 0.39 to 0.61 for the studied crude oil samples (Table 1). A noteworthy feature is that the variability of a/(a+c) in this study is less than the range of variability, which has been reported earlier in facies and depositional environment, migration, and maturity related case studies (Larter et al, 1996;Clegg et al, 1998b;Horsfield et al, 1998;Bakr and Wilkes, 2002).…”

Section: Occurrence and Distribution Af Benzocarbazolescontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…In Abu Gharadig crude oils, carbazole, summed methyl carbazole and These findings provide evidence that the occurrence and distributions of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds is controlled by source characteristics of the studied samples. It is noteworthy that the yields determined here for the Abu Gharadig (marine shale) and Shushan (terrestrial) crude oils are significantly lower than those of the crude oils from Gulf of Suez (marine carbonate) (Bakr and Wilkes, 2002).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Carbazolesmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…On the other hand, there are situations where it is clear that nitrogen compounds respond to changes in depositional environment. For example, Clegg et al (1997) parameters suggested that facies and depositional environment of the relevant source rocks influenced the benzocarbazole distributions in this setting (Bakr and Wilkes, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…As far as Egyptian petroleum systems are concerned, and to the best of the author knowledge, carbazoles and benzocarbazoles (nitrogen heterocompounds) have been only reported in the Gulf of Suez crude oils (Bakr and Wilkes, 2002), while xanthones (oxygen heterocompounds) have not yet been reported as constituents of any Egyptian crude oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Occurrence and Geochemical Significance of Carbazoles and Xanthones in Crude Oil from the Western Desert, Egypt

Bakr¹

2009

ear

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper describes an approach that involves the evaluation of the occurrence and distributions of nitrogen-and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds in Egyptian crude oils and source rocks. Carbazoles and xanthones represent nitrogen-and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds, respectively.Alkylcarbazoles and benzocarbazoles were quantitatively studied in crude oils taken from the Abu Gharadig and Shushan basins in north Western Desert of Egypt in order to investigate their occurrence, concentrations and distributions. The abundances of carbazole, methylcarbazoles and dimethylcarbazoles in the marine Abu Gharadig oils are much higher than that of the terrestrial Shushan oils. The results presented here indicate that thermal maturation can be ruled out as a major factor in controlling the changes in the carbazole ratios in the crude oils. Most likely, source characteristics of the studied samples play a significant role in controlling the distribution of carbazole compounds in reservoired oils. The alkylcarbazoles 1MC/1MC+1EC, 3MC/4MC and 18DMC/18DMC+1EC when correlated with specific biomarker signatures provide background information discriminating between two main types of depositional setting: 1) Terrestrial dominated source deposited in oxidizing conditions for the Shushan oils and, 2) marine shale dominated sourced oils deposited in suboxic environments for the Abu Gharadig samples. Similarly, benzocarbazole distributions were found to be independent of maturity, but influenced by organic facies and depositional environments. Therefore, in this study, alkylcarbazole and benzocarbazoles compounds are well suited for the differentiation of Abu Gharadig and Shushan crude oils with respect to origin and variations of facies and depositional environment. M.M.Y. Bakr 128Using various kinds of Egyptian crude oils derived from marine carbonates, marine clastics and terrestrial sources, the current study indicates that xanthones and its alkylated homologues are abundant only in source extracts and crude oils that have terrestrial organic matter input. This is the second description of xanthones in crude oils, and the first in Egyptian petroleum systems. Overall, based on the data of this study, xanthones signatures show great promise as terrestrial source markers in a given petroleum system.

show abstract

Section: Occurrence and Distribution Af Benzocarbazolescontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Concentrations Of Carbazolesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Occurrence and Geochemical Significance of Carbazoles and Xanthones in Crude Oil from the Western Desert, Egypt

Bakr¹

2009

ear

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It can be seen from Fig. 4 that both of the oil types plotted in the border region of marine-mixed organic matter with the source rocks being deposited under less reducing conditions and receiving significant clastic input (Bakr and Wilkes, 2002). (Table 2).…”

Section: Source-dependent Biomarker Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crude Oil Geochemistry Dependent Biomarker Distributions in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Younes¹

2012

Crude Oil Exploration in the World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Characterization of complex assemblages of organic acids in geological samples by negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a double‐focusing magnetic sector field mass spectrometer

Pötz

Wilkes

Witt

et al. 2010

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four different geological sample types (a crude oil, a crude oil asphaltene, a reservoir core extract and a reservoir core asphaltene) have been characterized by negative ionization electrospray mass spectrometry at low and high mass resolution using a double-focusing magnetic sector field mass spectrometer. The mass range, shape of the spectra and the signal distribution of the acidic constituents as well as the average molecular weights, the total ion abundance and signal intensity in the spectra were compared for the different sample types. Nominal mass classes have been evaluated and Kendrick mass plots were generated in order to identify homologous series. For the crude oil sample, accurate mass assignments were made by high-resolution double-focusing magnetic sector field mass spectrometry (DFMSFMS) and were compared with those obtained by negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICRMS). With both instrument types, compounds with the molecular composition C(n)H(2n+z)O(2), among which carboxylic acids predominated, were the main acidic compound class detectable in negative ESI mass spectra. Good agreement was achieved for the double bond class distribution and the carbon number distribution of the O(2) class. In addition, minor compound classes could be identified using FTICRMS.

show abstract

The influence of facies and depositional environment on the occurrence and distribution of carbazoles and benzocarbazoles in crude oils: a case study from the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Cited by 82 publications

References 30 publications

Occurrence and Geochemical Significance of Carbazoles and Xanthones in Crude Oil from the Western Desert, Egypt

Occurrence and Geochemical Significance of Carbazoles and Xanthones in Crude Oil from the Western Desert, Egypt

Crude Oil Geochemistry Dependent Biomarker Distributions in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Characterization of complex assemblages of organic acids in geological samples by negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a double‐focusing magnetic sector field mass spectrometer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About