The Influence of El -Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phenomenon on Rainfall Variation in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Shehu, Aishatu; Yelwa, S. A.; Sawa, B. A.; Adegbehin, A. B.

doi:10.9734/jgeesi/2016/27287

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…On the other hand, [20], [21], [22] have all shown that NDVI is closely related to biophysical parameters such as photosynthetical active radiation, leaf area index, biomass vegetation etc. and [12] also confirmed that seasonal and sub-seasonal signals of vegetation can be detected from NDVI data and consequently climatic variability related to El -Niño Southern Oscillations (ENSO). According to [23] desertification is one of the most serious problems facing northern Nigeria with dire economic consequences for the nation.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…VCI values of 35% and under indicate drought although long-term changes in NDVI data have been evaluated in several studies with some inconclusive results. This according to [12] is as a result of differences in the tools used, data processing techniques and the length and time of the analysed time series. Table 7 thus, shows the vegetation condition index across Kaduna state.…”

Section: Coefficient Of Variation Median Centeredmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every continent has regions and climates that are susceptible to drought, including semiarid areas that are especially vulnerable to drought [11]. In Africa especially across the Sahara, drought impacts are largely economic; this is aggravated by the adverse climatic nature of the region affecting quite a number of African populations according to [12]. However, [13] have shown that fluctuations of rainfall has no direct influence of climatic variations in Kaduna State.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Drought across Kaduna State, Nigeria Using MODIS Dataset

Pius

Yelwa

Sanda

2020

JGEESI

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Introduction: Kaduna state in Nigeria is located within the Guinea Savannah of the African Continent. The state is susceptible to desertification and the risks of drought. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study is to access magnitude and extent drought in Kaduna state Nigeria using MODIS dataset. Study Design: The study examined people’s perception; precipitation data and satellite imageries for assessing and monitoring drought. Descriptive statistics were used to present the some of the data. Methodology: The dataset were analysed using Idrisi remote sensing and Geographical Information (GIS) softwares to determine the aerial coverage of drought and its magnitude. Furthermore, run off were determined, VCI calculated, cross-tabulation were made from classified imageries and the views of respondents were also sought to complement the analysis. Results: The study revealed that there have been several episodes of drought in Kaduna state within the period under review. Runoff decreased from 72.50mm in 2000 to just about 48.00mm in 2009. The study also revealed that there is a positive relationship (0.72) between rainfall and vegetation vigour/biomas in the state. Similarly, vegetation condition index (VCI) revealed a value 10.2% indicating a severe drought in the state based on Kogans drought classification. Conclusion: The study concluded that both rainfall and vegetation/biomas vigour are generally decreasing suggesting a strong positive correlation value of 0.71. While a better high spatial resolution satellite dataset be utilised for further studies in this direction, the study also recommends that individuals and organisations be encouraged to engage in the habit of tree planting in order to curtail the decrease in vegetation biomass in the state. In addition, research and extension services should be strongly promoted in order to develop particular breed of seeds that can survive the drought in this period of food insecurity.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Coefficient Of Variation Median Centeredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Drought across Kaduna State, Nigeria Using MODIS Dataset

Pius

Yelwa

Sanda

2020

JGEESI

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“…Studies have demonstrated the link between rainfall patterns and ENSO in Nigeria in an attempt to establish whether there is any direct relationship between rainfall variability, extreme weather event such as drought and flood as well as other rainfall characteristics such as the onset and cessation of rainfall, length of growing season, amount of rainfall to mention a few. While some of these studies revealed no direct relationship between rainfall patterns and ENSO since it brings both rainfall surplus and deficit (Shehu,et al, 2016 andNnawuike, et al, 2016) others, indicate that ENSO has direct influence on the rainfall parameters in Nigeria (Ati, et al, 2010and Benard, 2000cited in Shehu, et al, 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of El Nino/Southern Oscillation to Rainfall Patterns in Nigeria

Oladejo¹

2020

OJER

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This paper examines the relationship between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and rainfall patterns in Nigeria. Annual rainfall totals, growing season rainfall totals and annual raindays of 27 Nigerian meteorological stations with varying lengths of records from 1903 to 2012 were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET). Monthly Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) anomalies data over Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) were obtained from Climatic Prediction Centre (CPC). Kendall tau statistics and Step-Wise Multiple Regression model were used for data analyses. Results from this study showed that annual rainfall totals, growing season rainfall and annual raindays series exhibited a significant downward trend at most of the stations over the period of the study. It was observed that annual rainfall pattern changed from a positive pattern within 1931- 1960 period to a negative pattern within 1961-1990 period and then, to a positive pattern within 1991-2012 period. It was concluded that he alternating wet and dry patterns in inter-annual rainfall fluctuations and by extension, the droughts and floods over Nigeria within the study period, were caused by sea surface temperature anomalies over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The paper therefore concludes that SSTs should be integrated in the seasonal rainfall prediction models in Nigeria for an improved forecast. Oladejo, K. M. | Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

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