The Influence of Eggshell on Bone Regeneration in Preclinical In Vivo Studies

Opriș, Horia; Dinu, Cristian; Băciuţ, Mihaela; Băciuț, Grigore; Mitre, Ileana; Crișan, Bogdan; Armencea, Gabriel; Prodan, Daiana Antoaneta; Bran, Simion

doi:10.3390/biology9120476

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Such a use of eggshells in anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and bone regenerative therapies has been reported to be successful. Additionally, hydrothermal treatment of eggshells, which involves boiling eggshell particles in water in a pH-adjusted reaction, is known to significantly improve bone healing . Bone cements made with eggshell particles and brushite were also used to improve bone regeneration and healing .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, hydrothermal treatment of eggshells, which involves boiling eggshell particles in water in a pH-adjusted reaction, is known to significantly improve bone healing . Bone cements made with eggshell particles and brushite were also used to improve bone regeneration and healing . Eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite has been obtained by heating eggshells in a box furnace at 900 °C .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55 Bone cements made with eggshell particles and brushite were also used to improve bone regeneration and healing. 55 Eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite has been obtained by heating eggshells in a box furnace at 900 °C. 56 Nanohydroxyapatite derived from eggshell particles was used to fabricate composite scaffolds with collagen for generating scaffolds with enhanced osteoinductive properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eggshell Microparticle Reinforced Scaffolds for Regeneration of Critical Sized Cranial Defects

Gauntlett

Zhang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Scaffold-based approaches for bone regeneration have been studied using a wide range of biomaterials as reinforcing agents to improve the mechanical strength and bioactivity of the 3D constructs. Eggshells are sustainable and inexpensive materials with unique biological and chemical properties to support bone differentiation. The incorporation of eggshell particles within hydrogels yields highly osteoinductive and osteoconductive scaffolds. This study reveals the effects of microparticles of whole eggshells, eggshells without a membrane, and a pristine eggshell membrane on osteogenic differentiation in protein-derived hydrogels. The in vitro studies showed that gels reinforced with eggshells with and without a membrane demonstrated comparable cellular proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and osteogenic differentiation. Subsequently, in vivo studies were performed to implant eggshell microparticle-reinforced composite hydrogel scaffolds into critical-sized cranial defects in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for up to 12 weeks to study bone regeneration. The in vivo results showed that the eggshell microparticle-based scaffolds supported an average bone volume of 60 mm 3 and a bone density of 2000 HU 12 weeks post implantation. Furthermore, histological analyses of the explanted scaffolds showed that the eggshell microparticle-reinforced scaffolds permitted tissue infiltration and induced bone tissue formation over 12 weeks. The histology staining also indicated that these scaffolds induced significantly higher bone regeneration at 6 and 12 weeks as compared to the blank (no scaffold) and pristine gel scaffolds. The eggshell microparticlereinforced scaffolds also supported significantly higher bone formation, remodeling, and vascularization over 6 and 12 weeks as confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis. Collectively, our results indicated that eggshell microparticle-reinforced scaffolds facilitated significant bone regeneration in critical-sized cranial defects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eggshell Microparticle Reinforced Scaffolds for Regeneration of Critical Sized Cranial Defects

Gauntlett

Zhang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Articles were then classified to be at high risk of bias if at least two items were scored with “no.” Studies were judged as low risk of bias if at least seven items were judged as “yes” and none were judged as "no." In other cases, the articles were considered to have a medium risk of bias [Opris et al, 2020].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies were judged as low risk of bias if at least seven items were judged as "yes" and none were judged as "no." In other cases, the articles were considered to have a medium risk of bias [Opris et al, 2020].…”

Section: Risk Of Bias In Individual Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Experimental Osteopenia in Rodents: A Systematic Review

Wang

Xie

Zhu

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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Osteoporosis leads to increased bone fragility and risk of fractures. Different strategies have been employed to reduce bone loss, including the use of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF). Although many experimental studies have demonstrated the effect of PEMF on reduction of bone loss, the outcomes studied are varied and insufficient, and the quality of evidence is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this review was to assess the preclinical evidence on the effect of PEMF on bone loss. The existing challenges were also evaluated, and suggestions were provided to strengthen the quality of evidence in future studies. All original articles concerning the effect of PEMF on osteoporosis in animal models were included. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, 23 of which suggested that PEMF was effective in reducing bone loss, while one study failed to demonstrate any benefit. Risk of bias analysis suggested that information on key measures to reduce bias was frequently not reported. Animal models for osteoporosis, PEMF intervention regimens, outcomes, and specific bone detection sites seemed to influence the efficacy of PEMF in osteoporosis. Our results indicate the potential benefits of PEMF selection in animal models of osteoporosis. However, due to the heterogeneity of the parameters and the quality of the included literature, comprehensive studies using standardized protocols are warranted to confirm the results.

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Evaluation of Struthio camelus eggshell as an in vitro alternative to extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion

Qutieshat

Mason

Chadwick

2023

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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ObjectivesThis in vitro work investigates the potential of ostrich eggshell as a substitute for extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion. Additionally, it aims to demonstrate the potential of ostrich eggshell compared to human enamel in evaluating the efficacy of a preventive agent in protecting against dental erosion, using an artificial mouth model.MethodsThe experiment utilized 96 erosion testing specimens from each substrate, human enamel, and ostrich eggshell. The specimens were subjected to six different experimental regimens of increasing erosive challenge, simulating the consumption of an acidic drink. The acidic drink was delivered at a consistent volume and duration range. Both artificially stimulated and unstimulated saliva flowed throughout the experimental regimens. Surface hardness was measured using a Through‐Indenter Viewing hardness tester with a Vickers diamond, while surface profiling was done using a surface contacting profilometer with a diamond stylus. An automated chemistry analyzer system was used to detect calcium and phosphate ions.ResultsThe study found that ostrich eggshell specimens demonstrated predictable surface loss, hardness drop, and ion loss due to the acidic challenge. Meanwhile, enamel appeared to fall short in terms of surface hardness predictability. The transient hardness loss phase, which manifests as an overlooked decrease in surface hardness despite significant ion and structural loss, may explain this phenomenon.ConclusionsThe experiment showed that assessing surface loss is essential in addition to hardness testing, particularly as certain experimental conditions may produce a false perception of tissue recovery despite the actual surface loss. By analyzing the response of ostrich eggshell specimens to erosive challenges, researchers were able to identify an “overlooked” reduction in hardness in enamel specimens. The differences in the structure, chemical composition, and biological response to erosion in the presence of artificial saliva between enamel and ostrich eggshell could explain their distinct behaviors.

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The Influence of Eggshell on Bone Regeneration in Preclinical In Vivo Studies

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Eggshell Microparticle Reinforced Scaffolds for Regeneration of Critical Sized Cranial Defects

Eggshell Microparticle Reinforced Scaffolds for Regeneration of Critical Sized Cranial Defects

Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Experimental Osteopenia in Rodents: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of Struthio camelus eggshell as an in vitro alternative to extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion

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