The Influence of Dust on Soils During the Quaternary

Yaalon, Dan H.; Ganor, E.

doi:10.1097/00010694-197309000-00003

Cited by 342 publications

(159 citation statements)

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“…All investigated profiles are situated on gently inclined slopes, at an altitude of 700 m to 850 m a.s.l., and were developed on basaltic lava flows with ages between 0.15 Ma and 14 Ma. Possible dust sources for desert pavement development are the playas in the eastern and southern part of the northeastern Jordan Badia desert, but also long-distance dust from the northeastern African desert regions (Yaalon and Ganor, 1973). Annual precipitation in the northeastern Jordan Badia is about 75 mm, with a mean annual air temperature of ca.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating desert pavements – First results from a challenging environmental archive

Fuchs

Dietze

Al-Qudah

et al. 2015

Quaternary Geochronology

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Desert pavements are widespread landforms of arid environments. They consist of a monolayer of clasts at the surface, associated with an underlying unit of eolian fines. In some situations, buried desert pavements can be observed, which is interpreted as a change in the environmental conditions. Therefore, it is believed that desert pavements represent important paleoenvironmental sediment archives, especially for arid environments, where natural archives of past environments are rare. To better understand the formation process of desert pavements and to enable the paleoenvironmental interpretation of these valuable sediment archives, reliable chronologies are of crucial importance. Thus, OSL dating was applied to samples from well-developed desert pavements in two different study areas, the Cima Volcanic Field, eastern Mojave Desert, USA, and the desert of northeastern Badia, Jordan.To test the suitability of the sediments for OSL dating, the luminescence characteristics of the fine-and coarse-grain quartz fraction are described and compared. Finally, first OSL ages are presented.2

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating desert pavements – First results from a challenging environmental archive

Fuchs

Dietze

Al-Qudah

et al. 2015

Quaternary Geochronology

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“…The suggested proximal sources are Wadi El-Arish in northern Sinai [Yaalon, 1971[Yaalon, , 1987Yaalon and Ganor, 1973;Yaalon and Dan, 1974;Ganor et al, 1991], the Mediterranean shelf exposed during periods of low sea level [Gerson and Amit, 1987;Crouvi et al, 2008;Enzel et al, 2008] and sand dunes that advanced into the Sinai and Negev during the late Pleistocene [Crouvi et al, 2008].…”

Section: Loess In the Negev Desertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of primary hilltop loess in reconstructing dust chronology, accretion rates, and sources: An example from the Negev Desert, Israel

Crouvi¹,

Amit²,

Porat³

et al. 2009

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Although high-latitude loess sequences have been studied extensively for reconstructing past climates, loess in desert margins has been mostly overlooked. Moreover, many low-latitude loess studies have focused on secondary, reworked sequences for which paleoclimatic inferences are complicated owing to postdepositional processes acting under local control. In this respect, the spatial distribution of the loess and its different types are crucial. In this study, we differentiate primary and secondary loess using remote sensing and field criteria. We present remote sensing and geographic information system procedures for mapping loess distribution, in general, and for identifying pristine hilltop loess sequences in particular. Then, we present the mineralogical and textural analyses combined with optically stimulated luminescence ages of one such primary, hilltop loess sequence in the Negev desert that show that the late Pleistocene Negev loess started accumulating at $95 ka, much earlier than previously proposed ($70 ka). It was preceded by a previously unknown middle Pleistocene period of loess formation at $180-130 ka. The ages also suggest that the threshold of dust accretion rate needed for loess formation is $0.02 mm a À1 ($30 g m À2 a À1 ), a factor of 2 or more lower than previously thought (0.04 to 1.0 mm a À1 ). Our results also provide insights into causes of late Pleistocene loess accretion and its close association with regional dune field activity. The methodology for mapping the loess distribution may potentially be generalized to help understanding loess formation in other, more remote desert areas.

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“…Darwin (1846) on board the Beagle collected aerosolic dust in the eastern Atlantic, noting that its likely source was the Sahara Desert. Aerosolic and cosmogenic dust has long been recognized by geologists as an important source of mineral particles in deep sediment-starved ocean basins, and the significance of aerosolic dust accessions to soil profile development in various parts of the world has been discussed extensively (see, e.g., Syers et al, 1969;Yaalon and Ganor, 1973). Modern aerosolic dust, derived largely from desertic regions, is lifted high into the atmosphere and falls back to the Earth with precipitation.…”

Section: Atmospheric Dust Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The good earthworm: How natural processes preserve upland Archaic archaeological sites of western Illinois, U.S.A.

Nest

2002

Geoarchaeology

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In western Illinois, many soil profiles developed into upland loess deposits (Peoria Silt) contain Archaic period artifacts greater than 3500 yr B.P. in stone zones below plow level. For artifacts in prairie and prairie-forest transition soils (not forest soils), depth distribution curves suggest they were buried in biomantles by small soil fauna. Artifacts of sizes archaeologists routinely collect generally move down while retaining fine-scale horizontal integrity. The process results in stratigraphic separation of Archaic and Woodland period components that otherwise would commingle at the surface. The characteristic distribution of known upland sites, narrowly rimming stream valley headwaters, reflects incomplete burial of materials on steeper forested slopes. On adjacent gently sloping upper shoulder segments of valleys where grassy cover more strongly influences soil development (and by inference on broad level uplands where true prairie soils occur), Archaic artifacts will be buried in the biomantle and go undetected by surface surveyors. ᭧

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The Influence of Dust on Soils During the Quaternary

Cited by 342 publications

References 0 publications

Dating desert pavements – First results from a challenging environmental archive

Dating desert pavements – First results from a challenging environmental archive

Significance of primary hilltop loess in reconstructing dust chronology, accretion rates, and sources: An example from the Negev Desert, Israel

The good earthworm: How natural processes preserve upland Archaic archaeological sites of western Illinois, U.S.A.

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