The influence of drill length and irrigation system on heat production during osteotomy preparation for dental implants: an <i>ex vivo</i> study

Gehrke, Sérgio Alexandre; Júnior, Jaime Sardá Aramburú; Martı́nez, Carlos Pérez; Fernández, María Piedad Ramírez; Val, José Eduardo Maté Sánchez de; Calvo-Guirado, José Luís

doi:10.1111/clr.12827

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The possible thermal changes have been analyzed in relation to certain design characteristics of the drills, such as the tip angle [12], cutter shape [13], number of cutting edges [12], magnitude of bone contact surface [14] and length of the active part [15]. However, none of the studies published to date have compared the temperature changes between straight and twisted blades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Study on Bone Heating during Drilling of the Implant Site: Material, Design and Wear of the Surgical Drill

et al. 2020

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Objective: An in vitro study was made to compare mean thermal variation according to the material, design and wear of the surgical drills used during dental implant site preparation. Material and methods: Three study groups (stainless steel drills with straight blades; diamond-like carbon-coated drills with straight blades; and diamond-like carbon-coated drills with twisted blades) were tested to compare material, design and wear of the surgical drill in terms of overall mean values (complete sequence of drills) and specific mean values (each drill separately). The groups comprised four drills: initial, pilot, progressive and final drill. Implant site configuration was performed through an intermittent and gradual drilling technique without irrigation at 800 rpm in standardized synthetic blocks. Maximum axial loading of two kilograms was controlled by an automatic press. Each surgical drill was submitted to 50 drillings and was sterilized every five uses. A thermographic camera analyzed the mean thermal changes. The software-controlled automatic press kept systematic drilling, axial loading and operational speed constant without any human intervention. Student’s t-test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression models were performed. The level of significance was 5% (p = 0.05). Results: The overall mean comparison between the stainless steel and diamond-like carbon-coated materials showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05), though specific mean comparison showed statistically significant differences between the drills of the different groups (p < 0.05). The twisted blades exhibited less overall and specific mean thermal variation than straight blades for the progressive and final drills (p < 0.01). In addition, the initial and pilot drills showed a greater mean thermal change than the progressive and final drills. The mean thermal variation was seen to increase during the 50 drillings. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the drill material did not significantly influence the overall mean thermal variation except for the pilot drill. The drill design affected overall and specific mean thermal variation since the twisted blades heated less than the straight blades. The initial and pilot drills increased the specific mean thermal variation with respect to the progressive and final drills. In addition, all drills in each group produced a gradual increase in mean temperature during the 50 drillings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Study on Bone Heating during Drilling of the Implant Site: Material, Design and Wear of the Surgical Drill

et al. 2020

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“…The temperature at the drill-bone interface exceeded 80 • C when the drill was used according to the manufacturer's instructions; this can result in potentially significant bone damage [29]. In addition, we discovered that the actual temperature on the drill is much higher than the temperature measured using previously reported methods [18]. The temperature of the drill exceeded 50, 60, and 80 • C, respectively at 500, 1200, and 2000 rpm drilling speed, much earlier than the thermocouple placed inside the bone, which reached its highest temperature of~40, 45, and 50 • C, respectively at 500, 1200, and 2000 rpm drilling speed due to slow heat flow in the bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Based on previous methods, three thermocouples (TT-K-36 K-type, Omega, Stanford, USA) were inserted into each hole (1 mm diameter) placed 0.5 mm lateral to the perforations in the bone with different lengths of 1, 5, and 10 mm [18]. To avoid electronic interference between sensors, insulated silicone coating (Silicone Varnish, Spray, S-830 NABAKEM ® , Sihung, Korea) was applied to the thermocouples.…”

Section: Themosensor Located In Bone For the Heat Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Measurement of Heat Produced during Drilling for Implant Site Preparation

Kim

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study was to directly measure the temperature of the drill during implant site preparation. The measured temperature was compared to that previously reported inside the bone. The temperature change of the drill was measured using a thermocouple inserted inside the stainless steel drill using an 18-gauge needle and mercury-containing slip ring. Three thermocouples were inserted into the bone with different depths of 10 mm, 5 mm and 1 mm. The thermocouple was 0.5 mm away from the periphery of the drilled hole with a diameter of 3.4 mm. The drill rotating speed varied from 500 rpm to 2000 rpm. Each drilling procedure was performed 10 times, and the average was calculated. The temperature of the drill increased rapidly, and the thermocouples in the bone reached a maximum temperature after the drill temperature started to decrease. The maximum inner temperature of the bone was the highest at a depth of 10 mm. The patterns of the temperature change were similar at different rotating speeds. The actual maximum temperature at the drill and bone interface was significantly higher than the temperature measured inside the bone in previous reports.

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“…The structure, shape and geometric design of the implant drill are important factors that need to be taken into consideration during implant bed preparation. Several authors have previously reported that the drill type and shape may affect heat generation and implant bed osteotomy ( 9 , 10 , 12 - 15 ). Sannino et al ( 14 ) reported that reduction in cutting surface in length can decrease the heat generation, and preliminary pilot drill use can decrease the frictional temperature rise independent from geometric design of the drill.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been previously reported that the heat generated during implant receptor site preparation is affected by several factors, which include cortical bone thickness, drilling speed and depth, pressure applied during drilling, drilling pattern -intermittent or continuous- and the irrigation method applied ( 8 ). Among these, the role of different irrigation systems –conventional external vs. internal- has been subject to a number of studies, which compare the heat generated using these systems ( 9 - 11 ). However, the effects of different amounts of irrigation on heat generation during implant site preparation remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of irrigation volume to the heat generation during implant surgery

Sindel¹,

Dereci²,

Hatipoğlu³

et al. 2017

Med Oral

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BackgroundTo evaluate the effects of the amount of irrigation on heat generated during implant site preparation.Material and MethodsTen freshly dissected sheep mandibles were sectioned into 30 equal bone blocks and transferred into a heat-controlled water tank. Implant socket preparations were performed with four consecutive drills. Temperature measurements were performed with a thermocouple inserted into the bone immediately before the preparation and after the drilling using three different physiologic saline irrigation set-ups: 1- No irrigation, 2- 12 ml/min and 3- 30 ml/min irrigation volume. The temperature differences between three different irrigation set-ups for implant drills 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the temperature differences between the drills for three different irrigation set-ups were separately compared.ResultsThe temperature difference of no irrigation group was significantly higher than 12 ml/min and 30 ml/min groups for all four drills (p<0.05), whereas no statistically significant difference was found between 12 ml/min and 30 ml/min irrigation groups. (P >0.05) The temperature difference of drill 1 is significantly higher than drills 2, 3 and 4 for no irrigation group. (P <0.05) The temperature differences of drill 1, 2 and 3 were significantly higher than the temperature difference of drill 4 for 12 ml/min irrigation group. (p<0.05).ConclusionsThe heat generated during drilling is not directly proportional to the coolant volume. Given that certain amount of irrigation is applied, implant sites can be prepared safely without the need for additional irrigation, which may result in reduced visibility of the surgical site and therefore a suboptimal surgery. Key words:Dental implants, irrigation, heat generation, drilling.

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The influence of drill length and irrigation system on heat production during osteotomy preparation for dental implants: an ex vivo study

Abstract: Within the limitations of this ex vivo study was possible concluded that the use a double irrigation system in multiple conventional drill for osteotomy can decrease the heat generation when increase the drill length.

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

In Vitro Study on Bone Heating during Drilling of the Implant Site: Material, Design and Wear of the Surgical Drill

In Vitro Study on Bone Heating during Drilling of the Implant Site: Material, Design and Wear of the Surgical Drill

Direct Measurement of Heat Produced during Drilling for Implant Site Preparation

The effects of irrigation volume to the heat generation during implant surgery

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