The influence of diluents on the formation of porous structure in ion exchanger resins based on 2-vinylpyridine and divinylbenzene

Control of various morphological changes of poly(meth)acrylate microspheres and their swelling degrees by SPG emulsification

“…1,2 The SPG technique provides a narrow size distribution of emulsion droplets and polymer particles with a coefficient of variation (CV) close to 10%, or with a (standard deviation) of about 4, because of its uniform pore size distribution, as reported by Omi et al [3][4][5][6] The effects of the diluent mixture between a good solvent and a poor solvent, as well as the crosslinking agent amount on the polymer morphology, were studied. [7][8][9][10] The different values between the solubility parameters of a good and poor solvent lead to a difference in porosity for the resulting polymer, which also depends on the crosslinking agent concentration. Various applications depend on the polymer morphology; for example, spherical polymers are used as ion-exchange resins, packing materials for column chromatography, and so on, while hollow particles are used as opacifying plastic pigments for various coatings and gloss-enhancing plastic pigments.…”

Cu(II) immobilization onto a one-step synthesized poly(4-vinylpyridine-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) resin: Kinetics and XPS analysis

“…The literature value of solubility parameter, δ S , for n-heptane is 15.1 (J cm -3 ) 1/2 [17]. Thus, based on the difference in the solubility parameters, n-heptane is frequently used as the inert component, i.e., porogen for the synthesis of vinylpyridine macroporous copolymers (as non-solvent) [18][19][20]. Additionally, the literature data confirm that the pore volume of P4VPD can be increased by adding a non-solvent component in the inert component and/or by increasing the inert component content [21].…”