The influence of different types of fixed orthodontic appliance on the growth and adherence of microorganisms (in vitro study).

Abstract

Orthodontic appliances serve as different impact zones and modify microbial adherence and colonization, acting as foreign reserves and possible sources of infection. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different types of fixed orthodontic appliances on the growth and adherence of microorganisms in oral flora which are Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans. Sixty-four of four different fixed orthodontic appliance-samples were used, divided into four groups of sixteen. Type I: Sapphire brackets- Coated wires, type II: Sapphire brackets- Stainless steel wires, type III: Stainless steel brackets- Coated wires and type IV: Stainless steel brackets- Stainless steel wires. Oral strains of S. mutans and Candida albicans were studied in the present study using biochemical test then microbial suspensions were prepared to do the tests of each microorganism including the antimicrobial effects of different appliance-samples on the growth of microorganisms and their adhesion tests. The results showed significant differences between the different appliances in terms of inhibition zone formation (P<0.001). The adhesion test, which is classified into low, medium and high, showed the adhesion of S. mutans, is low with type I and II, medium with type III and high with type IV, whereas the adhesion of Candida albicans is medium with both type I and II and high with both type III and IV with high significant differences (P<0.001). Appliance with high esthetic appearance, sapphire brackets and coated arch wire, showed the least adherence of S. mutans and Candida albicans in comparison to other appliances with less esthetic and more metal components. Key words:Orthodontic appliance, Adherence, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans.

Prevention and caries risk management in teenage and orthodontic patients

“…Fixed appliances alter the composition of the dental plaque biofilm . Higher levels of the keystone pathogen, Streptococcus mutans , and caries‐associated organisms such as Scardovia wiggsiae , are found in teenagers undergoing orthodontic treatment who have numerous white spot lesions .…”

Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Periodontal Tissues: A Narrative Review of Multidisciplinary Literature

“…Stainless steel brackets appeared to harvest significantly bigger amount of plaque when compared to ceramic, sapphire, and polycarbonate brackets. When using ceramic brackets, the greatest amount of plaque was shown to accumulate on occlusal and gingival surfaces, while mesial and distal surfaces were shown to accumulate more plaque when adopting stainless steel brackets [ 73 – 75 ]. In addition, stainless steel surfaces were suggested to attract less biofilm than gold [ 76 – 78 ].…”

Green Tea Polyphenols and Padma Hepaten Inhibit Candida albicans Biofilm Formation

“…Previous studies have shown that oral appliances increase the oral Candida carriage rate and cause significant population alterations [ 11 , 12 ]. Moreover, it was found that the Candida counts increase during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances [ 13 – 16 ].…”