The influence of cyclic load on environmentally assisted cracking of carbon steel in simulated fuel grade ethanol

Stress corrosion cracking of microalloyed pipeline steel in biofuels E-10 and E-85

“…Samusawa et al studied the development of SCC-resistant microalloyed steel in ethanol and found that this steel retards SCC initiation/propagation due to inhibition of anodic dissolution at the crack tip, mainly due to the formation of an oxide containing corrosion-resistant elements. In this study, presumably the elements that inhibit anodic dissolution at localised corrosion sites such as a pit or crack tip are chromium and nickel (Figure 13) [33]. Hernández et al analysed an API 5L X-52 microalloyed steel in nine ethanol-gasoline blends to determine their susceptibility to SCC in these media, observing that under the study conditions, no evidence of susceptibility to SCC was found, since all specimens showed ductile fracture [34].…”

Ethanolic Media Effect on the Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in an X-70 Microalloyed Steel with Different Aging Treatments

“…According to the data obtained in the SSRT tests in this study, X-70 steel proved to be immune to SCC in corn bio-ethanol due to the microalloying elements of the steel inhibiting the anodic dissolution by retarding the rupture of the passive layer [17,18], in which no pitting was observed, that was one of the main causes of crack initiation [33]. The tests carried out on bio-ethanol with higher water and Cl content remained equally immune to SCC, even though these two are the best-known causes of embrittlement SCC factors.…”

“…Therefore, the present study sets out to assess the effects of the environmental factors (bio-ethanol concentration, water, and NaCl) and metallurgical factors (aging treatments) on SCC of X-70 experimental Ni-microalloyed steel, in order to analyze this steel as a possible candidate for its use in manufacturing of long distance pipes. Previously published work found a higher susceptibility to SCC in carbon steels and microalloyed steels exposed to a mixture of 50% gasoline and 50% ethanol (E-50) [17][18][19]. The novelty in the present work is to focus on the low susceptibility to SCC in different bio-ethanol media of a heat-treated Ni microalloyed steel and to increase its mechanical properties.…”

Effect of Stress Ratio and Loading Frequency on the Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Smooth Steel Wire in Different Solutions

“…As shown in Lin’s study [12], the high-cycle fatigue resistance of austempered ductile iron was dramatically reduced by the given aqueous media, in particular, to a greater extent with a decrease in pH value. In addition, the stress ratio [18,19,20] and loading frequency [20,21] are the two main stress states that affect the corrosion fatigue life of metal materials. As shown in Han’s study [19], the increase of crack growth rate would be caused by both decreasing frequency and raising stress ratio.…”

“…Corrosion fatigue will occur easily under the common influence of complex external stresses, which will reduce the service life of steel wire. There are many factors affecting the corrosion fatigue life of metallic materials, such as the mechanical properties [ 7 , 8 ], the material properties [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], the environmental factor [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], and the stress states [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Among them, the corrosion environment can determine the corrosion reaction kinetics characteristic.…”