The Influence of Composition of CNT (Carbon Nanotube) on the Physical Properties of Bioplastic Made From Cassava Starch

Abstract

Bioplastics are starch-based polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms, so they can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional plastics. In this research, bioplastics made from cassava starch was made using glycerol as plasticizer and used MWCNTs (Multi-Wall CNTs) type CNT as reinforcement with variations in the composition of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Bioplastics are made with a dry method (dry blending) with stages of pre-mixing, mixing, hot press and cold press. Characteristics of bioplastic starch/CNT include tensile strength, biodegradation and morphological. The test results show that the addition of CNT composition affects the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The optimum value of tensile strength occurred in the addition of 2% CNT at 13.52 MPa. Biodegradable test results using the Aspergillus niger mushroom prove that bioplastic starch/CNT can be degraded well. The results of morphological characteristics in the form of SEM results showed that 3% bioplastic starch / CNT had cracks and resulted in decreased tensile strength. FTIR test results indicate the presence of a new functional group C≡C because of the addition of CNT.

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“…The observed changes in the morphological structure provide evidence that ultrasonication can improve to improve the adhesive bonding between the fiber and the matrix and disperse the fiber within the matrix, thus contributing to the observed improvement in tensile strength.Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah, Masitoh, and others . [20] Bioplastic starch/CNT can degrade for up to 7 days when grown on the Aspergillus Niger fungus, and when CNT is added, Ca"C function groups form. F. A. Syamani, et al [21] The results indicated that the bioplastic material produced from 1% OPT cellulose and modified cassava starch was more thermally stable than bioplastic produced using 1% OPT pulp, as the former decomposed at a higher temperature.…”

“…By extending the ultrasonication time (bath type), the moisture barrier characteristics, morphological structure, and tensile strength of the composite bioplastic can be improved.Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah, Masitoh, and others. [20] The bioplastic produced from cassava starch without the incorporation of CNT exhibited a high tensile strength of 7.44 MPa. However, the addition of CNT to cassava starch resulted in an optimal tensile strength at a 2% CNT concentration.…”