The influence of combined active fillers on the properties of elastomeric materials for eco-friendly tyres

Abstract

Primenom stiren-butadienskog kaučuka kao prekursora mreže, i kombinacije nanočestica čađi i silicijum(IV)oksida (SiO2), pri različitim phr sadržajima (50/0, 35/15, 25/25, 15/35, 0/50 phr), sintetisani su nanokompoziti sa adekvatnim svojstvima za ekološki prihvatljive pneumatike. Proučavana je raspodela punila u elastomernoj matrici, i ispitan je uticaj kombinovanih punila na karakteristike mešanja, umrežavanje, kao i na termička, dinamičkomehanička i mehanička svojstva umreženih nanokompozita. Obrazovanje najvećih aglomerata je uočeno u u strukturi nanokompozita ojačanog sa 25 phr čađi i 25 phr sintetisanog silicijum(IV)oksida. Povećanjem sadržaja silicijum(IV)oksida u kombinovanom punilu, rastu vrednosti minimalnog momenta na 100, 150 i 160 °C (u skladu sa sklonošću SiO2 da učestvuje u punilo-punilo interakcijama). Vreme početka umrežavanja i vreme optimalnog umrežavanja se produžavaju dodatkom SiO2. Primenom modulovane diferencijalno skenirajuće kalorimetrije i dinamičko-mehaničke analize je utvrđena temperatura prelaska u staklasto stanje. Kompoziti sa kombinovanim punilima ispunjavaju zahteve u industriji pneumatika, nisku vrednost mehaničkog faktora gubitaka između 40 i 80 °C, radi smanjenja otpornosti na kotrljanje i uštede u potrošnji goriva, uz istovremeno visoki histerezis na niskim temperaturama (od-20 do 0 °C), u cilju postizanja visoke otpornosti na klizanje na ledu i mokrom kolovozu. Utvrđen je i uticaj dodatka kombinovanog punila na zateznu čvrstoću i otpornost na abraziju sintetisanih nanokompozita.

Use of exhausted biosorbent ash as ecofriendly filler in natural rubber

“…As a result, they reported an extended time of vulcanization with increasing fly ash content in the filler mixture. Kojić et al 25 . also obtained a delay of the onset of vulcanization and the time of optimal networking with the addition of SiO 2 .…”

“…As a result, they reported an extended time of vulcanization with increasing fly ash content in the filler mixture. Kojić et al 25 also obtained a delay of the onset of vulcanization and the time of optimal networking with the addition of SiO 2 . The ash used as an admixture for the rubber production in these experiments hassimilar to silicatesa negative effect on the chemical crosslinking reaction of the rubber.…”

“…Their use is aimed at reducing the percentage of caoutchouc in the final product, and thus its cost, but they can also significantly affect the properties of the product. 25,26 In the present case, various concentrations of saturated biosorbent ash (SBA) were added to rubber. A series of rheological and mechanical measurements were made to determine whether this ash addition affects the vulcanization process and the properties of the final product.…”

“…Fillers are essential in the production of rubber. Their use is aimed at reducing the percentage of caoutchouc in the final product, and thus its cost, but they can also significantly affect the properties of the product 25,26 . In the present case, various concentrations of saturated biosorbent ash (SBA) were added to rubber.…”