The Influence of Colonialism and Donors on Social Policies in Kenya and Tanzania

Künzler, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38200-1_4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Thus, labour reserve economies had social policies that strongly relied on formal-sector employment. However, Mkandawire (2016) tends to generalise Southern African experiences and thus does not acknowledge the considerable variation among labour reserve economies (Künzler, 2020). This is also problematic in the context of his description of post-colonial social policies as broader tax-funded social policies such as cash transfers or social pensions were only introduced in some of them, generally in Southern Africa.…”

Section: The Legacy Of Colonial Social Policiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Social policies driven by labour scarcity: colonial social policies in the concession economies of the United Nation subregion Middle Africa and their legacy

Künzler

2022

Global Political Economy

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There is a growing literature on the legacy of colonial social policies in sub-Saharan Africa. In the UN subregion Middle Africa, the colonial period is marked by concession economies. However, the francophone and especially the iberophone countries of this region are largely ignored in the literature. A literature-based historical sociology approach is used to answer two research questions to address this gap: What were the driving forces of social policies in concession economies? And what is their post-colonial legacy? Case studies of the concession economies of Angola, the Central African Republic, Cameroon, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and São Tomé e Príncipe have been made. They reveal three key drivers of social services and schemes in concession economies: the scarcity of labour, domestic pressure and international pressure. The social services and schemes provided varied. They were most extensive in company towns where at the end of the colonial period the social reproduction of the workforce was possible, less extensive in what could be termed company villages, smaller in the scattered plantations and forest camps, and too small to create a permanent workforce in one concession. However, in a context of population growth, labour was no longer scarce and lost its bargaining power. Governmental and especially international pressure supported the reversal of social services through privatisation and informalisation. The quality of these services and schemes generally declined after independence. Therefore, labour scarcity is a key condition for the provision of social services by concession companies.

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Section: The Legacy Of Colonial Social Policiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Social policies driven by labour scarcity: colonial social policies in the concession economies of the United Nation subregion Middle Africa and their legacy

Künzler

2022

Global Political Economy

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“…This paper analyses the formation, development and transformation of social protection in the former French colonies of sub-Saharan Africa by examining the role of external influence on their evolution. It relates to the literature on the role of external influence in shaping social policy in formerly colonized countries (Deacon, 2007;Künzler, 2020;Schmitt, 2015Schmitt, , 2020. It adds to this literature by documenting the historical and contemporary dimensions of the drivers and outcomes of social protection in former French colonies of sub-Saharan Africa.…”

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confidence: 99%

From colonialism to international aid: Social protection in former French colonies in sub‐Saharan Africa, 1890–2020

Olié,

Delpy,

Ballet

2024

J of Intl Development

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This article examines social protection pathways in the former French colonies in sub‐Saharan Africa. We identify five steps to understanding the patterns and dynamics of social protection in these countries that provide evidence of its exogenous construction. First, we characterize the main developments in social protection systems and policies from their inception, covering the colonial era to the present, underlining the role of colonial legacy and the global social policy framework. Second, we document the similarity of national social protection trajectories and lack of national ownership of the policy problem markedly that characterizes social protection pathways.

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Appropriating the Colonial State: The Emergence of Social Insurance in Tunisia and Uganda

Thyen

Schlichte

2022

Global Dynamics of Social Policy

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In most African countries, social insurance has played a limited role in ensuring social protection for the wider populace. Based on a most-dissimilar case comparison of Tunisia and Uganda, we argue that the segmented and exclusive social insurance systems go back to colonial social policies. Original colonial pension schemes emerged via imperial staffing, the employment of “indigenous” public service and military personnel. With decolonisation, the appropriation of colonial structures and policies perpetuated the segmented feature of social insurance. Its expansion into the private sector after independence was mediated by two context-specific mechanisms: labour incorporation in more industrialised economies led to broader social insurance coverage, which could not be realised via insurance funds in the logic of top-down public resource accumulation.

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The Influence of Colonialism and Donors on Social Policies in Kenya and Tanzania

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Social policies driven by labour scarcity: colonial social policies in the concession economies of the United Nation subregion Middle Africa and their legacy

Social policies driven by labour scarcity: colonial social policies in the concession economies of the United Nation subregion Middle Africa and their legacy

From colonialism to international aid: Social protection in former French colonies in sub‐Saharan Africa, 1890–2020

Appropriating the Colonial State: The Emergence of Social Insurance in Tunisia and Uganda

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