The Influence of Climate Change on Insect Invasions in Temperate Forest Ecosystems

Tobin, Patrick C.; Parry, Dylan; Aukema, Brian H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7076-8_12

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 192 publications

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“…Effects of climate change on forests include more frequent and intense insect outbreaks, increased tree mortality (Jamieson, Trowbridge, Raffa, & Lindroth, ; Ryan & Vose, ; Weed, Ayres, & Hicke, ), and migration of plants and insects to higher altitudes and latitudes (Corlett & Westcott, ; Renwick & Rocca, ). These effects will likely intensify over the next 100 years, as climate models project that temperatures will increase and precipitation will become more erratic (Logan, Regniere, & Powell, ; Tobin, Parry, & Aukema, ). Environmental change will also likely drive adaptation and/or migration of long‐lived plants on timescales that are similar to or faster than their generation times (Corlett & Westcott, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vernal freeze damage and genetic variation alter tree growth, chemistry, and insect interactions

Rubert‐Nason

Couture

Gryzmala

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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Anticipated consequences of climate change in temperate regions include early spring warmup punctuated by intermittent hard freezes. Warm weather accelerates leaf flush in perennial woody species, potentially exposing vulnerable young tissues to damaging frosts. We employed a 2 × 6 randomized factorial design to examine how the interplay of vernal (springtime) freeze damage and genetic variation in a hardwood species (Populus tremuloides) influences tree growth, phytochemistry, and interactions with an insect herbivore (Chaitophorus stevensis). Acute effects of freezing included defoliation and mortality. Surviving trees exhibited reduced growth and altered biomass distribution. Reflushed leaves on these trees had lower mass per area, lower lignin concentrations, and higher nitrogen concentrations, altered chemical defence profiles, and supported faster aphid population growth. Many effects varied among plant genotypes and were related with herbivore performance. This study suggests that a single damaging vernal freeze event can alter tree-insect interactions through effects on plant growth and chemistry. Differential responses of various genotypes to freeze damage suggest that more frequent vernal freeze events could also influence natural selection, favouring trees with greater freeze hardiness, and more resistance or tolerance to herbivores following damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vernal freeze damage and genetic variation alter tree growth, chemistry, and insect interactions

Rubert‐Nason

Couture

Gryzmala

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Phytophagous insects play a key role in regulating forest primary production, and insect outbreaks are major drivers of natural disturbance in forests (Mattson & Addy, 1975;Logan et al, 2003;Kirilenko & Sedjo, 2007). Moreover, the frequency and severity of outbreaks by some forest insects is predicted to intensify with climate change (Volney & Fleming, 2000;Logan et al, 2003;Tobin et al, 2014). Global mean temperatures are projected to increase 1-4°C in the next 50-100 years (IPCC, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental climate warming alters aspen and birch phytochemistry and performance traits for an outbreak insect herbivore

Jamieson

Schwartzberg

Raffa

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Climate change and insect outbreaks are key factors contributing to regional and global patterns of increased tree mortality. While links between these environmental stressors have been established, our understanding of the mechanisms by which elevated temperature may affect tree-insect interactions is limited. Using a forest warming mesocosm, we investigated the influence of elevated temperature on phytochemistry, tree resistance traits, and insect performance. Specifically, we examined warming effects on forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria) and host trees aspen (Populus tremuloides) and birch (Betula papyrifera). Trees were grown under one of three temperature treatments (ambient, +1.7 °C, +3.4 °C) in a multiyear open-air warming experiment. In the third and fourth years of warming (2011, 2012), we assessed foliar nutrients and defense chemistry. Elevated temperatures altered foliar nitrogen, carbohydrates, lignin, and condensed tannins, with differences in responses between species and years. In 2012, we performed bioassays using a common environment approach to evaluate plant-mediated indirect warming effects on larval performance. Warming resulted in decreased food conversion efficiency and increased consumption, ultimately with minimal effect on larval development and biomass. These changes suggest that insects exhibited compensatory feeding due to reduced host quality. Within the context of observed phytochemical variation, primary metabolites were stronger predictors of insect performance than secondary metabolites. Between-year differences in phytochemical shifts corresponded with substantially different weather conditions during these two years. By sampling across years within an ecologically realistic and environmentally open setting, our study demonstrates that plant and insect responses to warming can be temporally variable and context dependent. Results indicate that elevated temperatures can alter phytochemistry, tree resistance traits, and herbivore feeding, but that annual weather variability may modulate warming effects leading to uncertain consequences for plant-insect interactions with projected climate change.

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“…Walther et al 2009, Tobin et al 2014, Rassati et al 2016), but also those of some autoctonous species such as L. varius (Geis 2016). In fact, in recent years, in response to climate change, there has been a resurgence of attacks from the above phytopathogenic fungi in Italian forest stands (Franceschini et al 2009) and, this resurgence can probably favour the populations of this red-listed species (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Italian records of Lichenophanes varius (Illiger, 1801) (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae)

Nardi¹,

Biscaccianti²

2017

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Lichenophanes varius (Illiger, 1801) is a Turanic-European-Mediterranean species. In most of European countries, this species is protected at different levels and it is classified as "NT" (Near Threatened) in the IUCN European Red List of Saproxylic Beetles. In Italy, it is classified as "EN" (Endangered). Its larvae are saproxylophagous and develop in branches and rotting trunks of many broadleaved tree genera. Nevertheless, this beetle seems to attack only wood which is already invaded by the mycelia of Biscogniauxia spp. (Pyrenomycetes, Xylariaceae). The Italian distribution and ecology of L. varius are updated on the basis of recent records; the species is recorded for the first time from Calabria, where it was reared from Quercus frainetto Ten. which represent a new host-plant record for this beetle. Finally, the authors discuss the possibility that global warming can promote a resurgence of attacks from the above mentioned phytopathogenic fungi in Italian forests and, therefore, this climatic change can also favour the populations of this red-listed beetle.

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The Influence of Climate Change on Insect Invasions in Temperate Forest Ecosystems

Cited by 19 publications

References 192 publications

Vernal freeze damage and genetic variation alter tree growth, chemistry, and insect interactions

Vernal freeze damage and genetic variation alter tree growth, chemistry, and insect interactions

Experimental climate warming alters aspen and birch phytochemistry and performance traits for an outbreak insect herbivore

New Italian records of Lichenophanes varius (Illiger, 1801) (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae)

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