The influence of CHRNA4, COMT, and maternal sensitivity on orienting and executive attention in 6-month-old infants

Quan, Jeffry; Ong, Mei‐Lyn; Bureau, Jean‐François; Sim, Lit Wee; Sanmugam, Shamini; Malik, Adam B. Abdul; Wong, Eric; Wong, Johnny; Chong, Yap Seng; Saw, Seang Mei; Kwek, Kenneth; Qiu, Anqi; Holbrook, Joanna D.; Rifkin‐Graboi, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2017.05.002

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One post-hoc explanation is that preschoolers born to mothers who experienced higher levels of maternal mental health symptomatology may have approached the task differently, and thus had less need for attentional processing as well as exogenous inhibition during the post-switch phase. Although work in other fields suggests that elements of anticipatory control may be observed beginning in infancy [45], ERP research suggests that young children may not exhibit attentional anticipatory control unless required to do so, instead relying on reactive control. The P2 may index attention to salient information as well as proactive interference, arising from a prior stimulus-associated response-with its magnitude influenced by the extent of the prior association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal antenatal anxiety and electrophysiological functioning amongst a sub-set of preschoolers participating in the GUSTO cohort

et al. 2020

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Background: Antenatal maternal anxiety is a risk for offspring psychological and cognitive difficulties. The preschool years represent an important time for brain development, and so may be a window for intervention. However, electrophysiological investigations of maternal anxiety and preschoolers' brain functioning are lacking. We ask whether anxiety symptoms predict neurophysiology, and consider timing specificity (26-weeks antenatal or 24months postnatal), form of insult (anxiety symptoms, per se, or also depression symptoms), and offspring gender. Methods: The sample consisted of a subset of 71 mothers and their 3 year old children taking part in the prospective birth cohort, GUSTO. Mothers provided antenatal (26 weeks) and postnatal (2 years) anxiety and depressive symptomatology data, respectively via the "State Trait Anxiety Questionnaire" and the "Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale." Offspring provided electrophysiological data, obtained while they indicated the emotional expression of actors whose facial expressions remained consistent throughout a pre-switch block, but were reversed at "post-switch." Results: Three electrophysiological components linked to different information processing stages were identified. The two earliest occurring components (i.e., the N1 and P2) differed across blocks. During post-switch, both were significantly predicted by maternal anxiety, after controlling for pre-switch neurophysiology. Similar results were observed with depression. Antenatal mental health remained a significant predictor after controlling for postnatal mental health. Conclusion: In combination with past work, these findings suggest the importance of reducing symptoms in women prior to and during pregnancy, and offering support to offspring early in development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal antenatal anxiety and electrophysiological functioning amongst a sub-set of preschoolers participating in the GUSTO cohort

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to the standard auditory and phonological problems, dyslexia is characterized by delayed attention transfer [91]. The nicotinic system of the brain is primarily responsible for attention shift, and some studies have shown a particular link between attention and CHRNA4 [92], which also establishes the pathogenic basis of the nicotinic receptor gene in dyslexia.…”

Section: Prioritization Of Candidate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative gene networks reveal novel candidates important for ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity

Hongyao,

Chun,

Xiaoyan

et al. 2023

BMC Med Genomics

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Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is commonly associated with developmental dyslexia (DD), which are both prevalent and complicated pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders that have a significant influence on children’s learning and development. Clinically, the comorbidity incidence of DD and ADHD is between 25 and 48%. Children with DD and ADHD may have more severe cognitive deficiencies, a poorer level of schooling, and a higher risk of social and emotional management disorders. Furthermore, patients with this comorbidity are frequently treated for a single condition in clinical settings, and the therapeutic outcome is poor. The development of effective treatment approaches against these diseases is complicated by their comorbidity features. This is often a major problem in diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we developed bioinformatical methodology for the analysis of the comorbidity of these two diseases. As such, the search for candidate genes related to the comorbid conditions of ADHD and DD can help in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the comorbid condition, and can also be useful for genotyping and identifying new drug targets. Results Using the ANDSystem tool, the reconstruction and analysis of gene networks associated with ADHD and dyslexia was carried out. The gene network of ADHD included 599 genes/proteins and 148,978 interactions, while that of dyslexia included 167 genes/proteins and 27,083 interactions. When the ANDSystem and GeneCards data were combined, a total of 213 genes/proteins for ADHD and dyslexia were found. An approach for ranking genes implicated in the comorbid condition of the two diseases was proposed. The approach is based on ten criteria for ranking genes by their importance, including relevance scores of association between disease and genes, standard methods of gene prioritization, as well as original criteria that take into account the characteristics of an associative gene network and the presence of known polymorphisms in the analyzed genes. Among the top 20 genes with the highest priority DRD2, DRD4, CNTNAP2 and GRIN2B are mentioned in the literature as directly linked with the comorbidity of ADHD and dyslexia. According to the proposed approach, the genes OPRM1, CHRNA4 and SNCA had the highest priority in the development of comorbidity of these two diseases. Additionally, it was revealed that the most relevant genes are involved in biological processes related to signal transduction, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters, chemical synaptic transmission, response to drugs, ion transmembrane transport, nervous system development, cell adhesion, and neuron migration. Conclusions The application of methods of reconstruction and analysis of gene networks is a powerful tool for studying the molecular mechanisms of comorbid conditions. The method put forth to rank genes by their importance for the comorbid condition of ADHD and dyslexia was employed to predict genes that play key roles in the development of the comorbid condition. The results can be utilized to plan experiments for the identification of novel candidate genes and search for novel pharmacological targets.

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Genetics of OCD and Related Disorders; Searching for Shared Factors

Grünblatt

2021

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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The influence of CHRNA4, COMT, and maternal sensitivity on orienting and executive attention in 6-month-old infants

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Maternal antenatal anxiety and electrophysiological functioning amongst a sub-set of preschoolers participating in the GUSTO cohort

Maternal antenatal anxiety and electrophysiological functioning amongst a sub-set of preschoolers participating in the GUSTO cohort

Associative gene networks reveal novel candidates important for ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity

Genetics of OCD and Related Disorders; Searching for Shared Factors

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