The influence of childhood obesity on spatio-temporal gait parameters

Montes-Alguacil, Jesús; Moguer, Joaquín Páez; Jiménez-Cebrián, Ana María; Muñoz, Belén Álvarez; Gijón-Noguerón, Gabriel; Morales-Asencio, José Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.03.031

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In a recent report 22 , an investigation compared spatio-temporal gait parameters between normal weight, overweight and obese children. The authors concluded no difference in speed, yet conversely, a clearly significant change in gait with increased duration of both load response and pre-swing phases, but not swing phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of spatiotemporal parameters in school children carrying different backpack loads: a cross sectional study

Moguer

Montes-Alguacil

García-Paya

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this study was to analyze spatiotemporal parameters of gait in children using varyingly loaded Backpacks(BP). This cross-sectional study examined 231 schoolchildren (118 boys, 113 girls) aged six to 12 years, carrying a traditional BP to manipulate loading (Crossing Backpack Children Arpenaz 7 Litres, Junior Red Quechua). Load was added to the BPs in increments of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of the child’s body weight. Spatio-temporal parameters were measured with the OptoGait system. Significant differences were observed in single support (p < 0.001), and double support (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in step length (p = 0.959) between the five loading conditions. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were found in the contact phase (p = 0.208), although significant changes were seen between baseline, 15% of body weight (p < 0.005), and 20% of body weight (p < 0.005). The effect sizes from the ANOVA in the single support was low (0.015), and double support was moderate (0.02). Increased weight in BPs reduced both children’s balance and single support, increased double support, but did not change step length. The children increase double support with heavier loads to help their balance. The spatio-temporal changes were most evident with BP loads between 15–20% of body weight. Affective responses, including the perception of heaviness or difficulty in carrying the schoolbags need to be included in further and prospective investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of spatiotemporal parameters in school children carrying different backpack loads: a cross sectional study

Moguer

Montes-Alguacil

García-Paya

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Altered gait patterns and plantar pressures caused by obesity have been a closely followed issue due to its relationship with balance and a higher risk of injuries [1][2][3][4][5]. Excess weight could lead to specific alterations in plantar pressures, especially for children whose musculoskeletal system is immature and developing [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with Obesity Experience Different Age-Related Changes in Plantar Pressure Distributions: A Follow-Up Study in China

Zhao

Zheng

Yan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Age is a key factor in plantar pressure distributions during the development of obese children. However, the existing evidence for age-related plantar pressures of obese children is not sufficient to make clear how the plantar pressures would change with the increasing age. This study aimed to evaluate the plantar pressure redistributions of obese children after a three-year follow-up and to further compare these changes with normal-weighted children. Ten obese children and eleven normal-weighted counterparts were involved in this study. Plantar pressure measurements were undertaken using a Footscan® plantar pressure plate on two test sessions three years apart. Peak pressure, pressure-time integral, standard maximum force, and z-scores of these variables were analyzed. Loading transference analyses were applied to detect the different loading transferring mechanisms between obese and normal-weighted children. Significantly increased plantar pressures were observed at the lateral forefoot and midfoot for obese children, which gradually deviated from those of normal-weighted children over the 3 years. With the increasing age, obese children displayed a lateral loading shift at the forefoot in contrast to the normal-weighted. Early interventions are cautiously recommended for obese children before the plantar loading deviation gets worse as they grow older.

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“…Spatiotemporal gait parameters were analyzed through the use of a previously validated photoelectric sensors system (Optogait, Microgate) [25,33] and a custom-designed web-based video analysis software (Graal, Microgate, Bolzano), used also for research purposes [34,35]. All spatiotemporal gait parameters were recorded during the 90" walking test and the analysis that follows was performed on the entire test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Performance of an Innovative Markerless Technique for Quantitative and Qualitative Gait Analysis

Simoni

Scarton

Gerli

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Gait abnormalities such as high stride and step frequency/cadence (SF—stride/second, CAD—step/second), stride variability (SV) and low harmony may increase the risk of injuries and be a sentinel of medical conditions. This research aims to present a new markerless video-based technology for quantitative and qualitative gait analysis. 86 healthy individuals (mead age 32 years) performed a 90 s test on treadmill at self-selected walking speed. We measured SF and CAD by a photoelectric sensors system; then, we calculated average ± standard deviation (SD) and within-subject coefficient of variation (CV) of SF as an index of SV. We also recorded a 60 fps video of the patient. With a custom-designed web-based video analysis software, we performed a spectral analysis of the brightness over time for each pixel of the image, that reinstituted the frequency contents of the videos. The two main frequency contents (F1 and F2) from this analysis should reflect the forcing/dominant variables, i.e., SF and CAD. Then, a harmony index (HI) was calculated, that should reflect the proportion of the pixels of the image that move consistently with F1 or its supraharmonics. The higher the HI value, the less variable the gait. The correspondence SF-F1 and CAD-F2 was evaluated with both paired t-Test and correlation and the relationship between SV and HI with correlation. SF and CAD were not significantly different from and highly correlated with F1 (0.893 ± 0.080 Hz vs. 0.895 ± 0.084 Hz, p < 0.001, r2 = 0.99) and F2 (1.787 ± 0.163 Hz vs. 1.791 ± 0.165 Hz, p < 0.001, r2 = 0.97). The SV was 1.84% ± 0.66% and it was significantly and moderately correlated with HI (0.082 ± 0.028, p < 0.001, r2 = 0.13). The innovative video-based technique of global, markerless gait analysis proposed in our study accurately identifies the main frequency contents and the variability of gait in healthy individuals, thus providing a time-efficient, low-cost means to quantitatively and qualitatively study human locomotion.

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The influence of childhood obesity on spatio-temporal gait parameters

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Variation of spatiotemporal parameters in school children carrying different backpack loads: a cross sectional study

Variation of spatiotemporal parameters in school children carrying different backpack loads: a cross sectional study

Children with Obesity Experience Different Age-Related Changes in Plantar Pressure Distributions: A Follow-Up Study in China

Testing the Performance of an Innovative Markerless Technique for Quantitative and Qualitative Gait Analysis

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