The Influence of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on the Decrement in Maximal Aerobic Power at High Altitude

Young, Andrew; Cymerman, Allen; Burse, Richard L.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198404000-00092

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…However, the response was uninfluenced by interindividual differences in leg muscle volume. These relationships were summarized by fitting a multiple regression equation of the type: Several previous authors have examined the effects upon oxygen transport of breathing 12% oxygen (or acute exposure to an equivalent altitude of 4400 m) (1, 3,4,8,9,11,22). The majority of these investigators have observed a diminution in peak oxygen intake of the order reported here, the summary graphs of Buskirk et a!.…”

Section: Influence Of Physical Condition Upon Response To Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Peak Oxygen Intake and Hypoxia: Influence of Physical Fitness

Bouhlel²,

Vandewalle³

et al. 1988

Int J Sports Med

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Eight men and eight women each performed peak oxygen intake tests on a cycle ergometer breathing ambient air and a mixture of 12% oxygen in nitrogen (equivalent to an altitude of 4400 m) in the two experiments. Hypoxia induced an average 28% decrease of peak oxygen intake, with a somewhat smaller decrease of power output. There were also small decreases in peak heart rate, peak blood pressure, peak ventilation, and peak blood lactate concentration. The major part of the impairment in oxygen transport was due to a reduction of arterial oxygen saturation, with small contributions from the decrease in heart rate and the decrease of ventilation. Subjects in good physical condition suffered a larger decrement of oxygen transport than their more sedentary colleagues, probably due to an unfavorable ratio of peak diffusing capacity to peak cardiac output. However, in the short term, this handicap could be countered by hyperventilation, and such a tactic could probably improve athletic performance over moderate distances.

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Section: Influence Of Physical Condition Upon Response To Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Peak Oxygen Intake and Hypoxia: Influence of Physical Fitness

Bouhlel²,

Vandewalle³

et al. 1988

Int J Sports Med

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“…During both protocols Vo 2 and HR were measured with a metabolic cart (Parvo, Sandy, Utah) and a Polar heart rate monitor (Polar RS800 CX, Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland), respectively. The combination of these two protocols allowed for the determination of Vo 2max as well as the power output required to elicit 40% and 60% Vo 2max , which was ultimately reduced by 27% for the experimental trial to adjust for the Vo 2max decrements with altitude (Young et al, 1985;Fulco et al, 1998). The adjusted 40% and 60% exercise intensities were selected as they span the range of exercise intensities previously reported to improve cognitive function at sea level (Reilly and Smith 1986;Arcelin et al, 1998;Tomporowski 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Exercise on Cognitive Performance in Normobaric Hypoxia

Seo

Burns

Fennell

et al. 2015

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Although previous reports indicate that exercise improves cognitive function in normoxia, the influence of exercise on cognitive function in hypoxia is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if the impaired cognitive function in hypoxia can be restored by low to moderate intensity exercise. Sixteen young healthy men completed the ANAM versions of the Go/No-Go task (GNT) and Running Memory Continuous Performance Task (RMCPT) in normoxia to serve as baseline (B-Norm) (21% O2). Following 60 minutes of exposure to normobaric hypoxia (B-Hypo) (12.5% O2), these tests were repeated at rest and during cycling exercise at 40% and 60% of adjusted Vo2max. At B-Hypo, the % correct (p≤0.001) and throughput score (p≤0.001) in RMCPT were significantly impaired compared to B-Norm. During exercise at 40% (p=0.023) and 60% (p=0.006) of adjusted Vo2max, the throughput score in RMCPT improved compared to B-Hypo, and there was no significant difference in throughput score between the two exercise intensities. Mean reaction time also improved at both exercise intensities compared to B-Hypo (p≤0.028). Both peripheral oxygen saturation (Spo2) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo2) significantly decreased during B-Hypo (p≤0.001) and further decreased at 40% (p≤0.05) and 60% (p≤0.039) exercise. There was no significant difference in Spo2 or rSo2 between two exercise intensities. These data indicate that low to moderate exercise (i.e., 40%-60% adjusted Vo2max) may attenuate the risk of impaired cognitive function that occurs in hypoxic conditions.

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“…In 1971, Dill and Adatns (11) noted that highly trained runners might be handicapped "to an unusual extent" at altitude compared with lesser trained individuals. In the 40 yr that have followed, several investigations have confirmed a strong positive relationship between maximal oxygen uptake mx) at sea level and the magnitude of the decline in 2,nax at altitude (14,15,24,36,40), One of the most important mechanisms behind the relationship between VO2ma.x and the decline in V02niax during acute exposure to altitude seems to be the degree of pulmonary gas exchange litnitations during exercise. For example, significant correlations have been demonstrated between the decline in V02niax at altitude and a) arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaOo) during maximal exercise (7,14,15,24) and b) the ratio of lung diffusing capacity to V02max (5), Therefore, athletes with smaller degrees of pulmonary gas exchange limitations during heavy exercise seem to be better able to maintain VO2max at altitude.…”

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confidence: 98%