The influence of carbon particles on the concentration of acid phosphatase and lysozyme enzymes within alveolar macrophages during the killing and degradation of mycobacterium bovis

Attwood, E.M.; Weich, D.J.V.; Oosthuizen, J. M. C.

doi:10.1016/s0962-8479(96)90099-4

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Carbon-loaded macrophages are reported to have a diminished capacity to produce reactive oxygen intermediates (15), possess a reduced amount of lysosomal enzymes (16), and show impaired phagocytosis (17,18). Our current study, in common with previous analyses of AM from TB patients in Africa, noted that many of the patients had AM that were extensively loaded with carbon, probably from wood fires.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Coinfection with MTB and HIV in an individual could affect either arm of macrophage physiology. AM operate at the interface between the host and the environment and can therefore also be influenced by external factors, including carbon from wood fires (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). In Malawi there is a very high prevalence of both tuberculous and HIV infections, and the majority of the population live in simple housing in close proximity to wood fires.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resides in Nonacidified Vacuoles in Endocytically Competent Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV Infection

Mwandumba

Russell

Nyirenda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

120

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Alveolar macrophages (AM) are the first professional phagocytes encountered by aerosols containing infections in the lungs, and their phagocytic capacity may be affected by these infections or environmental particles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the innate endocytic and phagocytic properties of human AM obtained from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to characterize the vacuoles in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli reside in vivo. AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with suspected tuberculosis and from asymptomatic volunteers (controls). Clinical case definitions were based on mycobacterial culture of respiratory specimens and HIV serology. To assess phagocytosis, endocytosis, and acidification of the endosomal system, AM were cultured with IgG-coated polystyrene beads, dextran, and a pH-sensitive reporter (3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3-amino-N-methyldipropylamine) and were evaluated by light and immunoelectron microscopy. Cells from 89 patients and 10 controls were studied. We found no significant difference between the two groups in the ability of AM either to ingest beads and dextran or to deliver them to acidified lysosomes. In AM from patients with tuberculosis, the bacilli were located in vacuoles that failed to accumulate endocytosed material and were not acidified. We concluded that AM from patients with tuberculosis and HIV infections were competent to endocytose and phagocytose material and to deliver the material to functional, acidified lysosomes. M. tuberculosis residing in these AM arrests the progression of their phagosomes, which fail to fuse with acidified lysosomes. This confirms, for the first time in humans with tuberculosis and HIV, the conclusions from previous animal and in vitro studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resides in Nonacidified Vacuoles in Endocytically Competent Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV Infection

Mwandumba

Russell

Nyirenda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

120

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“…Mycobacterium can induce reactive oxygen species production by activating phagocytes (May and Spagnuolo, 1987;Attwood et al, 1996) and although an important part of the host defense against mycobacteria, enhanced reactive oxygen species generation may promote tissue injury and inflammation. This further contributes to immunosuppression (Jack et al, 1994;Grimble, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative metabolic changes in pleural fluid of tuberculosis patients

Reddy

Doreswamy

Krishna

et al. 2008

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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The pleural fluid was aspirated from the tuberculous patients both untreated and under treatment with three months anti-tuberculosis therapy. The amount of malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase, and total protein content in pleural fluid of untreated tuberculous patients were found to be significantly higher when compared with under treatment group. The pleural fluid total anti-oxidant levels were significantly lower in untreated cases in comparison to under treatment. Decrease in the total anti-oxidant status was more pronounced in untreated cases, established that anti-oxidants were nearly completely utilized to scavenge the free radicals. Our findings further support the importance of anti-oxidants in the treatment of tuberculous patient.

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“…Acid phosphatase (AP) is one of the central enzymes in the degradation of phagotised pathogens and may therefore serve as a marker for the ability of macrophages to digest, for instance ingested bacteria and parasites, and thus prevent growth and multiplication of these pathogens in the host (Attwood et al 1996). Different studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between the virulence of bacteria and the suppression of AP activity in phagocytes (Black et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid phosphatase activity in liver macrophage aggregates as a marker for pollution-induced immunomodulation of the non-specific immune response in fish

Broeg

2003

Helgoland Marine Research

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The activity of acid phosphatase in liver macrophage aggregates (MA-AP) of different fish species was used as a marker for a pollution-induced modulation of the digestive capacity of phagocytes, since functions of the non-specific immune response play a central role in the maintenance of animals' health. Based upon the investigation of more than 900 individual flounders (Platichthys flesus) and mullets (Liza aurata), natural variations, gender-specific differences and pollution-induced alterations in AP activity are demonstrated in this study. MA-AP activity was dependent on temperature and season but, nevertheless, distinctions between differently polluted areas were visible in all sampling campaigns with lowest MA-AP activity in fish from the polluted areas of the German Bight and the Israeli coast of the Mediterranean Sea. For organochlorine contaminants, as well as for mercury and copper, a significant correlation could be observed between residue concentrations in fish tissues and MA-AP activity. In all cases, except mercury which showed a positive correlation, AP activity was suppressed in animals with a high contaminant burden. MA-AP activity turned out to give reliable and consistent results for a quantification of immunomodulation in both fish species.

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The influence of carbon particles on the concentration of acid phosphatase and lysozyme enzymes within alveolar macrophages during the killing and degradation of mycobacterium bovis

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resides in Nonacidified Vacuoles in Endocytically Competent Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV Infection

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resides in Nonacidified Vacuoles in Endocytically Competent Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV Infection

Oxidative metabolic changes in pleural fluid of tuberculosis patients

Acid phosphatase activity in liver macrophage aggregates as a marker for pollution-induced immunomodulation of the non-specific immune response in fish

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