The influence of boreal winter extratropical North Pacific Oscillation on Australian spring rainfall

Song, Linye; Li, Yun; Duan, Wansuo

doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2895-4

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The northern lobe of SLP in high latitudes extends from eastern Siberia to western Canada, while the southern lobe of SLP at lower latitudes includes the subtropics and extends equatorward to 20°N (Linkin & Nigam, 2008;Rogers, 1981;Walker & Bliss, 1932;Wallace & Gutzler, 1981). Furthermore, Song et al (2016) found that the boreal winter NPO has a pronounced influence on the subsequent Australian spring rainfall via air-sea coupled processes over the tropical Pacific. Furthermore, Song et al (2016) found that the boreal winter NPO has a pronounced influence on the subsequent Australian spring rainfall via air-sea coupled processes over the tropical Pacific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Recently, several studies have documented the influence of the NPO on the climate over East Asia, North America, and the tropical Pacific (Chen & Wu, 2017;Pak et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2007;Yeh & Kim, 2010;Yu et al, 2012). Furthermore, Song et al (2016) found that the boreal winter NPO has a pronounced influence on the subsequent Australian spring rainfall via air-sea coupled processes over the tropical Pacific. Therefore, it is useful to understand the variability in the NPO and its associated interactions in terms of extended-range predictions of weather and climate over the Pacific rim.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Eastward Shift of the North Pacific Oscillation After the Mid‐1990s and Its Relationship With ENSO

Yeh

Sung

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), which is characterized by a north‐south dipole‐like pattern of sea level pressure (SLP) in the North Pacific, is an atmospheric circulation that is a key to understanding tropical‐extratropical interactions in the Pacific. We show that the center of the southern lobe SLP in the NPO during boreal winter (December‐January‐February) is shifted to the east after the mid‐1990s compared to before the mid‐1990s. This leads to the change in the relationship between the NPO and El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The NPO is closely associated with the convective forcing in the tropical Pacific during boreal winter before the mid‐1990s. After the mid‐1990s, in contrast, the simultaneous relationship of the NPO and ENSO during boreal winter becomes weak. However, an eastward shift of the NPO's southern lobe SLP during boreal winter causes a close relationship with the ENSO in the winter of the following year through atmosphere‐ocean coupled processes after the mid‐1990s. These results indicate that atmospheric circulation in the North Pacific characterized by the NPO becomes more influential in the tropical Pacific with a lagged time after the mid‐1990s, likely due to the eastward shift in the NPO's structure. We also briefly discuss which processes cause an eastward shift in the NPO's southern lobe SLP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eastward Shift of the North Pacific Oscillation After the Mid‐1990s and Its Relationship With ENSO

Yeh

Sung

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Once the data are detrended and the effect of ENSO removed, the authors find correlation coefficients in the range −0.35 to −0.48 (99% level) across the Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. Song et al () suggest this link relates to NPO‐related sea surface temperature anomalies that drive anomalous Walker circulation that suppresses convection, reducing rainfall.…”

Section: Atmospheric Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Extreme Atmospheric Hazards and Global Teleconnections: Implications for Multihazard Resilience

Steptoe

Jones

Fox

2018

Reviews of Geophysics

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Occurrences of concurrent extreme atmospheric hazards represent a significant area of uncertainty for organizations involved in disaster mitigation and risk management. Understanding risks posed by natural disasters and their relationship with global climate drivers is crucial in preparing for extreme events. In this review we quantify the strength of the physical mechanisms linking hazards and atmosphere‐ocean processes. We demonstrate how research from the science community may be used to support disaster risk reduction and global sustainable development efforts. We examine peer‐reviewed literature connecting 16 regions affected by extreme atmospheric hazards and eight key global drivers of weather and climate. We summarize current understanding of multihazard disaster risk in each of these regions and identify aspects of the global climate system that require further investigation to strengthen our resilience in these areas. We show that some drivers can increase the risk of concurrent hazards across different regions. Organizations that support disaster risk reduction, or underwrite exposure, in multiple regions may have a heightened risk of facing multihazard losses. We find that 15 regional hazards share connections via the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, with the Indian Ocean Dipole, North Atlantic Oscillation, and the Southern Annular Mode being secondary sources of significant regional interconnectivity. From a hazard perspective, rainfall over China shares the most connections with global drivers and has links to both Northern and Southern Hemisphere modes of variability. We use these connections to assess the global likelihood of concurrent hazard occurrence in support of multihazard resilience and disaster risk reduction goals.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that Australian rainfall is influenced by many factors, such as Indian Ocean dipole (IOD; Saji et al, 1999;Ashok et al, 2003;Ummenhofer et al, 2011), Aleutian Low (AL; Zhu and Wang, 2010), North Pacific Oscillation (Song et al, 2015) and southern annular mode (SAM; Hendon et al, 2007). For example, Ashok et al (2003) found that the IOD has a significant negative correlation with rainfall over the western and southern regions of Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct impacts of two types of La Niña events on Australian summer rainfall

Song

Chen

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study investigates impacts of two types of La Niña events, eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña and central Pacific (CP) La Niña, on Australian summer rainfall during 1951–2009. Results show that Australian summer rainfall is sensitive to the change in the location of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in equatorial Pacific. During CP La Niña, maximum cold SST anomaly is located in the equatorial CP west of 150°W, and significant northeasterly wind anomalies tend to prevail over northeastern Australia during austral summer. This brings more moist and warm flow from the tropics to Australia and leads to significant positive rainfall anomalies over northern and eastern Australia. In contrast, during EP La Niña, maximum cold SST anomaly is confined to equatorial EP east of 150°W and atmospheric circulation anomalies tend to be weak. As a result, rainfall anomalies are generally weak over Australia in EP La Niña. The differences in the Australian summer rainfall anomalies between CP La Niña and EP La Niña are attributed to the differences in atmospheric circulation anomalies. Specifically, the atmospheric circulation anomalies over tropical Pacific tend to be stronger and located more westward in CP La Niña. Higher climatological SST in the equatorial CP than equatorial EP, larger magnitude and westward shift of cold SST anomaly centre in CP La Niña than EP Niña may explain stronger and westward shift of the atmospheric anomalies in CP La Niña. Atmospheric model numerical experiments confirm the contribution of stronger circulation response in CP La Niña to the positive rainfall anomalies in Australia. Results in this study suggest that it is important to classify the La Niña events into different types when predicting Australian summer rainfall.

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The influence of boreal winter extratropical North Pacific Oscillation on Australian spring rainfall

Abstract: that caution is recommended regarding the Australian spring rainfall trend results obtained in this study as the austral spring rainfall trends may be sensitive to the choice of the selected time period.

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

An Eastward Shift of the North Pacific Oscillation After the Mid‐1990s and Its Relationship With ENSO

An Eastward Shift of the North Pacific Oscillation After the Mid‐1990s and Its Relationship With ENSO

Correlations Between Extreme Atmospheric Hazards and Global Teleconnections: Implications for Multihazard Resilience

Distinct impacts of two types of La Niña events on Australian summer rainfall

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