The Influence of Body Temperature on Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

Seifert, Eberhard; Lamprecht-Dinnesen, Antoinette; Asfour, Boulos; Rotering, Heinrich; Bone, Hans-Georg; Scheld, Hans H.

doi:10.3109/03005364000000090

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There are small differences in body temperature between males and females, and temperature has been shown to affect OAEs (e.g., Seifert et al, 1998). Might this physiological difference be responsible for producing some of the sex and group differences reported above?…”

Section: Other Possible Causal or Contributing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculinization of the mammalian cochlea

McFadden

2009

Hearing Research

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Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) differ between the sexes in humans, rhesus and marmoset monkeys, and sheep. OAEs also are different in a number of special populations of humans. Those basic findings are reviewed and discussed in the context of possible prenatal androgen effects on the auditory system. A parsimonious explanation for several outcomes is that prenatal exposure to high levels of androgens can weaken the cochlear amplifiers and thereby weaken otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Prenatal androgen exposure apparently also can alter auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). Some non-hormonal factors possibly capable of producing sex and group differences are discussed, and some speculations are offered about specific cochlear structures that might differ between the two sexes. KeywordsOtoacoustic emissions; Auditory evoked potentials; Sex differences; Prenatal development; Masculinization; Testosterone; Estradiol Address for Corresponding Author and manuscript correspondence: Dennis McFadden, Department of Psychology, Seay Building, University of Texas, 1 University Station A8000, Austin, TX 78712-0187, (512) 471-4324, (512) 471-5935 (fax), E-mail: mcfadden@psy.utexas.edu. 1 In science, the words sex and gender have distinctly separate meanings and should not be used as synonyms (e.g., Wizemann and Pardue, 2001, p. 176). Sex alludes to a person's body morphology, and gender alludes to a person's self-image as belonging to one (or neither) of the two sexes. Assessing gender requires substantially different procedures from assessing morphological sex. Many investigators who have used the term gender actually did not measure it. 2 Pairwise comparisons like sex differences are commonly characterized using effect size, a d′-like measure that expresses the difference between means in standard-deviation units. We calculate effect size as the difference between the means of the two groups of interest divided by the square root of the weighted mean of the two variances. By convention, effect sizes of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 are viewed as small, medium and large differences, respectively (Cohen, 1992). I have provided effect sizes in the figure captions. 3 One possible reason for this inconsistency in the sex differences for DPOAEs and CEOAEs is the effective level of the stimuli used to elicit the two forms of OAE. DPOAEs typically are measured with primary tones of 50 dB SPL or greater, whereas CEOAEs typically are measured with clicks of 60 -80 dB peSPL (peak-equivalent sound-pressure level). This means that the spectrum level of the clicks is quite weak at each of the successive locations along the length of the cochlea contributing to the reflection-based component of the CEOAE, while the energy in the primary tones used to evoke DPOAEs is relatively more concentrated. Accordingly, sex differences typically are measured using locally weak stimuli for CEOAEs and locally strong stimuli for DPOAEs, and this difference eventually may prove relevant. 4 Sometimes it is worthwhile to say the obvious. Having a masculinized coch...

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Section: Other Possible Causal or Contributing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculinization of the mammalian cochlea

McFadden

2009

Hearing Research

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“…Le Bourgeois III et al 29 , using animal models and looking at tympanic perforations of various sizes, were only able to find changes to DPOAE when perilymph fistulae were present. Therefore, although it may be said that changes in middle ear impedance during hypothermia could hinder DPOAE recording, we tend to agree with Seifert et al 11 and Kvolves et al 10 and conclude that OAE disappearance during hypothermia does not occur by the works of such mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…We found studies on the impact hypothermia has on recording evoked transient OAE in humans 11 , but not DPOAEs. We believe that our study has clearly demonstrated the impact hypothermia has upon DPOAE based on the comparison between the PRE and HYPOTHERMIA data series, where a statistically significant amplitude reduction was identified for all points in the 'DPgram' deemed valid (F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estudo das emissões otoacústicas por produto de distorção durante a hipotermia em humanos

Borin¹,

Cruz

2008

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] ABR and otoacoustic emission (OAE) amplitudes decrease and ultimately disappear with a lowering of temperature. 16,17 Cooling may also decrease middle ear compliance. 18 In heart patients, ABRs and OAEs return to normal upon rewarming.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy and Whole-Body Hypothermia on Neonatal Auditory Function: A Pilot Study

Mietzsch¹,

Parikh²,

Williams³

et al. 2008

Amer J Perinatol

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We assessed the effects of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and whole-body hypothermia therapy on auditory brain stem evoked responses (ABRs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). We performed serial assessments of ABRs and DPOAEs in newborns with moderate or severe HIE, randomized to hypothermia (n = 4) or usual care (n = 5). Participants were five boys and four girls with mean gestational age (standard deviation) of 38.9 (1.8) weeks. During the first week of life, peripheral auditory function, as measured by the DPOAEs, was disrupted in all nine subjects. ABRs were delayed but central transmission was intact, suggesting a peripheral rather than a central neural insult. By 3 weeks of age, peripheral auditory function normalized. Hypothermia temporarily prolonged the ABR, more so for waves generated higher in the brain stem but the effects reversed quickly on rewarming. Neonatal audiometric testing is feasible, noninvasive, and capable of enhancing our understanding of the effects of HIE and hypothermia on auditory function.

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The Influence of Body Temperature on Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Masculinization of the mammalian cochlea

Masculinization of the mammalian cochlea

Estudo das emissões otoacústicas por produto de distorção durante a hipotermia em humanos

Effects of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy and Whole-Body Hypothermia on Neonatal Auditory Function: A Pilot Study

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