The influence of bird pest attack on rice damage and production in Kuantan Singingi

Abstract

Birds pest in rice field activities are one of the important pest that attack. It has even caused 161,4 ha of crop loss and 124.05 ha of heavy damage in Riau. This neet to be handled and managed properly. This study was initiated by identifying the types and effects of bird pest attacks on the damage and productionof rice crops in Kuantan Singingi. This study was used a survey method by making plots (10x10 m), bird pests species and populations by using a point transect. Observations were carried out in the morning, afternoon and evening. Bird species identification refers to the MacKinnon Bird Guide in Sumatera, Jawa, and Bali. Diversity of birds pest was calculated by the Shannon-Wienner index, species richness by margaleft index, and species dominance by the Simpson index. This study were observed 1.045 birds attack of paddy field. Koto Kari site was observed 479 individual, 332 individu in Kampung Baru, and 214 in Sangau Lonchura striata was observed as many as 635 individuals. Species diversity index was 0.667, species richness index 0.288, density 0.616 and dominance value 0.527. the highest frequency of bird pest visit was in Koto Kari sithe which was 42 times while based on the species was Lonchura striata71 times with an attack time in the morning of 83 times. The highest damage to panicles by bird pest was caused by Lonchura maja at 46.09% but the highest loss of rice wight was caused by Lonchura striata.