The influence of biodegradable magnesium alloys on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Li, Rachel; Kirkland, Nicholas Travis; Truong, John; Wang, Jian; Smith, Paul N.; Birbilis, Nick; Nisbet, David R.

doi:10.1002/jbm.a.35111

Cited by 51 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Indeed, enhanced collagen Ia1 expression after osteogenic differentiation in the presence of excess magnesium ions or early increases in osteocalcin protein levels have been observed in bone cells in the vicinity of magnesium alloy implants 15,16 . Gene expression analysis can therefore be used to detect bone precursor cell differentiation and bone formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Rahim

Weizbauer

Evertz

et al. 2016

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Magnesium alloys are presently under investigation as promising biodegradable implant materials with osteoconductive properties. To study the molecular mechanisms involved, the potential contribution of soluble magnesium corrosion products to the stimulation of osteoblastic cell differentiation was examined. However, no evidence for the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation could be obtained when cultured mesenchymal precursor cells were differentiated in the presence of metallic magnesium or in cell culture medium containing elevated magnesium ion levels. Similarly, in soft tissue no bone induction by metallic magnesium or by the corrosion product magnesium hydroxide could be observed in a mouse model. Motivated by the comparatively rapid accumulation solid corrosion products physicochemical processes were examined as an alternative mechanism to explain the stimulation of bone growth by magnesium-based implants. During exposure to physiological solutions a structured corrosion coat formed on magnesium whereby the elements calcium and phosphate were enriched in the outermost layer which could play a role in the established biocompatible behavior of magnesium implants. When magnesium pins were inserted into avital bones, corrosion lead to increases in the pull out force, suggesting that the expanding corrosion layer was interlocking with the surrounding bone. Since mechanical stress is a wellestablished inducer of bone growth, volume increases caused by the rapid accumulation of corrosion products and the resulting force development could be a key mechanism and provide an explanation for the observed stimulatory effects of magnesium-based implants in hard tissue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Rahim

Weizbauer

Evertz

et al. 2016

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Besides having similar mechanical properties as human bones7, magnesium alloys have positive effects on growth of bone tissues growth. The products arising from natural degradation of magnesium influences proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteoclasts8 and a high magnesium ion concentration has been observed to introduce bone cell activation910. Some magnesium alloys such as Mg-Sr alloys containing trace metallic elements such as strontium may also stimulate new bone formation and increase new bone quality1112.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with enhanced osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-lasting antibacterial effects

Liu

Pan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

159

108

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A series of biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys is designed to induce osteogenesis, stimulate angiogenesis, and provide long-lasting antibacterial performance at the same time. The Mg-Cu alloys with precipitated Mg2Cu intermetallic phases exhibit accelerated degradation in the physiological environment due to galvanic corrosion and the alkaline environment combined with Cu release endows the Mg-Cu alloys with prolonged antibacterial effects. In addition to no cytotoxicity towards HUVECs and MC3T3-E1 cells, the Mg-Cu alloys, particularly Mg-0.03Cu, enhance the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, collagen secretion, osteogenesis-related gene and protein expressions of MC3T3-E1 cells, cell proliferation, migration, endothelial tubule forming, angiogenesis-related gene, and protein expressions of HUVECs compared to pure Mg. The favorable osteogenesis and angiogenesis are believed to arise from the release of bioactive Mg and Cu ions into the biological environment and the biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-term antibacterial ability are very promising in orthopedic applications.

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“…They evaluated strontium-substituted HA/zinc oxide duplex layer on AZ91 by using the cell line human osteosarcoma MG63 [40]. Even if an extended culture period can be achieved and further parameter such as osteogenic induction can be evaluated [9], drawback of this method is the missing evaluation of direct cell-material interactions. A direct cell-material contact was performed in the study by Iskandar et al [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Degradation products may interfere with analysis methods [5] and influence cell adhesion after a prolonged culture period [6]. To test the biological outcome in vitro, mostly extraction tests were performed concerning biocompatibility [7], or one step further on cellular reactions such as alterations in gene expression [8] and the induction of osteogenic differentiation [9]. Direct cell material interactions are poorly performed as difficulties occur in prolonged culture periods [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the in vitro performance of hydroxyapatite coated magnesium (AZ91D) and titanium concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation

Kleinhans¹,

Vacun

Surmenev³

et al. 2015

BioNanoMaterials

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In the current study the in vitro outcome of a degradable magnesium alloy (AZ91D) and standard titanium modified by nanostructured-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) coatings concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation was investigated by direct cell culture. The n-HA modification was prepared via radiofrequency magnetron sputtering deposition and proven by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction patterns revealing a homogenous surface coating. Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) adhesion was examined after one and 14 days displaying an enhanced initial cell adhesion on the n-HA modified samples. The osteogenic lineage commitment of the cells was determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) quantification. On day one n-HA coated AZ91D exhibited a comparable ALP expression to standard tissue culture polystyrene samples. However, after 14 days solely little DNA and ALP amounts were measurable on n-HA coated AZ91D due to the lack of adherent cells.Titanium displayed excellent cell adhesion properties and ALP was detectable after 14 days. An increased pH of the culture was measured for AZ91D as well as for n-HA coated AZ91D. We conclude that n-HA modification improves initial cell attachment on AZ91D within the first 24 h. However, the effect does not persist for 14 days in in vitro conditions.

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The influence of biodegradable magnesium alloys on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with enhanced osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-lasting antibacterial effects

Testing the in vitro performance of hydroxyapatite coated magnesium (AZ91D) and titanium concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation

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