The Influence of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis on Enteric Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factors and Inflammasome

Yang, Peng-Chun; Li, Xijun; Yang, Yanhua; Qian, Wei; Li, Shiyu; Yan, Caihua; Wang, Jing; Wang, Qin; Hou, Xiao-Hua; Dai, Chibing

doi:10.1007/s10753-020-01284-z

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Bacteroides fragilis was previously reported to stimulate the host immune system by upregulating NLRP3, IL-1β,IL-18,and caspase-1 mRNA and protein expression in EGCs and reducing the NLRP6 mRNA expression ( 38 ). All four studies reported that B. fragilis in the AITD group was significantly higher than that in the controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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BackgroundAutoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is characterized by thyroid dysfunction and deficits in the autoimmune system. Growing attention has been paid toward the field of gut microbiota over the last few decades. Several recent studies have found that gut microbiota composition in patients with AITD has altered, but no studies have conducted systematic reviews on the association between gut microbiota and ATID.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases without language restrictions and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight studies, including 196 patients with AITD.ResultsThe meta-analysis showed that the alpha diversity and abundance of certain gut microbiota were changed in patients with AITD compared to the controls. Chao1,the index of the microflora richness, was increased in the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis group compared to controls (SMD, 0.68, 95%CI: 0.16 to 1.20), while it was decreased in the Graves’ disease group (SMD, -0.87, 95%CI: -1.46 to -0.28). In addition, we found that some beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were decreased in the AITD group, and harmful microbiota like Bacteroides fragilis was significantly increased compared with the controls. Furthermore, the percentage of relevant abundance of other commensal bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae was increased compared with the controls.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicates an association between AITD and alteration of microbiota composition at the family, genus, and species levels.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42021251557.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…In general, studies on the modulatory effects that nutraceuticals exert on EGCs are relatively scarce, particularly those using models of GI diseases, such as IBD, in which PEA [ 28 ], CBD [ 104 ] and berberine [ 105 ] reduced inflammation, at least partly, through modulation of EGCs. PEA was also beneficial in a model of HIV-1 induced diarrhea [ 103 ], resveratrol protected the ENS against intestinal I/R [ 101 , 102 ], and the probiotics Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis inhibited and promoted, respectively, intestinal inflammation after LPS+IFN-γ administration [ 108 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alteration of the intestinal microenvironment (dysbiosis) has been related to neurological disorders and alterations in EGCs. The recovery of the healthy microbiota through feeding using probiotic compounds can help in these cases, as some studies have shown [ 106 , 107 , 108 ]. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms or bacteria that, administered in the diet, have beneficial effects on the health of the host [ 118 ].…”

Section: Enteric Glial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, in a model of intestinal inflammation established by LPS and IFNγ- administration, the possible mechanisms by which two probiotics, Bifidobacterium bifidum ( B.b. ) and Bacteroides fragilis ( B.f. ), influence EGC regulation were examined [ 108 ]. In this study, it was observed that EGCs can increase the expression of inflammatory factors if they are subjected to harmful exogenous stimuli, and B.b can inhibit the inflammatory process by regulating EGCs, while B.f. does not have similar effects.…”

Section: Enteric Glial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutraceuticals and Enteric Glial Cells

et al. 2021

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Until recently, glia were considered to be a structural support for neurons, however further investigations showed that glial cells are equally as important as neurons. Among many different types of glia, enteric glial cells (EGCs) found in the gastrointestinal tract, have been significantly underestimated, but proved to play an essential role in neuroprotection, immune system modulation and many other functions. They are also said to be remarkably altered in different physiopathological conditions. A nutraceutical is defined as any food substance or part of a food that provides medical or health benefits, including prevention and treatment of the disease. Following the description of these interesting peripheral glial cells and highlighting their role in physiological and pathological changes, this article reviews all the studies on the effects of nutraceuticals as modulators of their functions. Currently there are only a few studies available concerning the effects of nutraceuticals on EGCs. Most of them evaluated molecules with antioxidant properties in systemic conditions, whereas only a few studies have been performed using models of gastrointestinal disorders. Despite the scarcity of studies on the topic, all agree that nutraceuticals have the potential to be an interesting alternative in the prevention and/or treatment of enteric gliopathies (of systemic or local etiology) and their associated gastrointestinal conditions.

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“…EGCs appear to be an important source of NGF and become activated by many factors, such as pro-in ammatory cytokines, bacteria, and neurotrophins [38] . All these factors are capable of stimulating EGCs to increase NGF secretion and express its receptor TrkA [9,39] . In the present study, a signi cant increase in the expression level of GFAP was observed, supporting EGCs activation in FD rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction Alleviates Symptoms in Rats With Functional Dyspepsia Through EGC-Derived NGF

et al. 2021

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Background: Xiangsha Liujunzi (XSLJZ) decoction is a traditional chinese prescription that shows to be effective in functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Nerve growth factor (NGF) secreted from enteric glial cells (EGCs) is associated with visceral hypersensitivity (VH), which has been wildly accepted as the main pathological mechanism of FD. But it is not clear whether and how EGC-derived NGF contributes to VH in FD. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of XSLJZ decoction on FD and investigate whether XSLJZ decoction relieves VH by inhibiting EGC-derived NGF and TrkA-Akt-TRPV1 axis.Methods: FD rat models were established using iodoacetamide and modified multiple platform method. The validation of FD model and effects of XSLJZD decoction on FD were evaluated in terms of weight, food intake, hematoxylin-eosin staining and Von Frey test. The expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), NGF and transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. The expression of TrkA and Akt was determined by western blot analysis. The co-localization of GFAP and NGF was observed by double-label immunofluorescence.Results: XSLJZ decoction increased the weight, food intake and pain threshold of FD rats. The expression levels of GFAP and NGF, together with NGF-positive EGCs were increased in FD rats, but decreased following XSLJZ decoction treatment. Furthermore, XSLJZ decoction downregulated the over-expression of TrkA, Akt and TRPV1 in FD rats.Conclusions: XSLJZ decoction can effectively improve the symptoms of FD and alleviate VH in FD, which may be mediated via EGC-derived NGF and TrkA-Akt-TRPV1 axis.

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The Influence of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis on Enteric Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factors and Inflammasome

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutraceuticals and Enteric Glial Cells

Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction Alleviates Symptoms in Rats With Functional Dyspepsia Through EGC-Derived NGF

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