The Influence of Bacteria Causing Subclinical Mastitis on the Structure of the Cow’s Milk Microbiome

Abstract

Mastitis is the most expensive disease of dairy cattle across the world and is the main reason for the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry. The aim of this study was to analyze the microbiome of raw milk obtained from a semi-subsistence farm located in the Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Milk from healthy cows and from cows with subclinical mastitis was analyzed. The following pathogenic bacteria were found in milk from individuals with subclinical mastitis: Escherichia coli or Streptococcus agalactiae. The composition of drinking milk was assessed on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Ion Torrent platform. Based on the conducted research, significant changes in the composition of the milk microbiome were found depending on the physiological state of the cows. The microbiome of milk from healthy cows differed significantly from the milk from cows with subclinical mastitis. Two phyla dominated in the milk from healthy cows: Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, in equal amounts. On the contrary, in the milk from cows with diagnosed subclinical mastitis, one of the types dominated: either Firmicutes or Proteobacteria, and was largely predominant. Moreover, the milk microflora from the ill animals were characterized by lower values of the determined biodiversity indicators than the milk from healthy cows. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the milk resulted in a significant reduction in the share of lactic acid bacteria in the structure of the population of microorganisms, which are of great importance in the production technology of regional products.

Milk quality indiators of highly productive cows when using a pharmaceutical composition based on bacteriocin-nizin

“…This decrease directly correlates with the amount of diagnosed mastitis in cows of the experimental group after using the developed composition based on nisin (r=0.859). An important criterion for milk quality is also the indicator of bacterial contamination, which depends on non-compliance with hygiene rules in the process of milking cows and the presence of animals with inflammatory processes in the mammary gland in the herd [19,20]. Experimental animals had a latent inflammatory reaction in the mammary gland, during the study, microorganisms were isolated in breast secretion samples: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus spp., as well as bacteria of the E. coli group (Escherichia coli), represented by the genera Escherichia and Enterobacter.…”

In Vitro Pharmacological Activity, and Comparison GC-ToF-MS Profiling of Extracts from Cissus cornifolia (Baker) Planch

“…Although acetone extract exhibited a potent antimicrobial activity (MIC ≤ 0.20 mg/mL) against a plethora of microbes such as C. parapsilosis , M. hominis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Enterococcus faecalis , Streptococcus agalactiae , there is a need to explore the toxicological aspects and mode of antimicrobial activity against the selected microorganisms. It is important to note that microbes such as S. agalactiae , P. aeruginosa , and E. faecalis are implicated in ethnoveterinary infections including mastitis in dairy ruminants [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Microbial Properties of Raw Milk throughout the Year and Their Relationships to Quality Parameters

“…Therefore, maintaining the hygiene of milking equipment can reduce the impact of Psychrophilic bacteria on raw milk i.e., increased acidity. In addition to this, raw milk microbiota contains high levels of Lactobacillus that reduce the growth of harmful microorganisms in milk, which can lead to milk spoilage and disease [43].…”