The influence of arc plasma parameters on the form of a welding pool

Abstract

The influence of the Marangoni force on the form of a welding pool has been considered. Results of computer simulation of the processes of welding arc generation with a non consumable tungsten electrode in inert gas are shown. The experimental results are reported and comparatively analyzed. The calculations were carried out in a package of applied programs at various currents.

Improving the efficiency of conveyor transport with the use of network technologies

“…The presence of a clear hierarchy in the structure of the control system allows to move from the consideration of general algorithms to a number of local ones. Electromechanical complexes of conveyor transport are characterized by five levels of hierarchy [5,6]:…”

The effective modes of infrared radiators and heating systems

“…Infrared heating installations are used for space heating, drying of paint coatings, grain drying, processing of biological objects, heat treatment of welds, etc. Works [14,15] proved that the mechanical characteristics of the weld, heat generation in the metal depend on the electric arc and cause subsequent deformation. Improving the quality of welds is achieved by subsequent heat treatment [16].…”

Bound state properties and photodetachment of the negatively charged hydrogen ions

“…where α = e 2 hc = 7.2973525698 · 10 −3 ≈ 1 137 is the dimensionless fine-structure constant, a 0 ≈ 5.2917721092 · 10 −9 cm is the Bohr radius [16], p e is the absolute value of momentum of the photo-electron (this photo-electron is emitted during photodetachment of the H − ion), I n = −E(H − ) + 1 2n 2 is the ionization potential of the two-electron H − ion and R i→f is the photodetachment amplitude (for more detalis, see [15]). The photodetachment amplitude is the overlap of the spatial derivatives of the incident wave function of the H − ion upon the two electron-nucleus coordinates and the final state wave function which is the product of the radial part of the total wave function R n0 (r 31 ) of the final hydrogen atom H in one of its bound ns−states and the wave function of the freely moving photo-electron.…”

“…In reality, each of such quasi-singular integrals is replaced by a sum of regular integrals. Similar quasi-singular integrals are called the Frullanian three-body integrals [15]. Analytical and numerical calculations of the Frullanian three-body integrals are difficult, often numerically unstable and always slow.…”

“…In these notations the integral Eq. (10) is written as the sum of eight simple integrals (all details are explained in [15]) which are determined with the use of the formulas from [20]. The final expression for the integral I(α, β, γ; p) takes the form…”