The Influence of Antivaccination Movements on the Re-emergence of Measles

Patricia, Calderón Rodríguez Nelly; Zulay, Jerez Pacheco Yary; Carlos, Ruvalcaba Ledezma Jesús; Alejandra, Chavarría Miranda; Cristina, Jiménez Sánchez Reyna; Josefina, Reynoso Vázquez

doi:10.22207/jpam.13.1.13

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…In the context of disease spread, socially transmitted practices among doctors and expectations amongst patients contributed to the emergence of antibiotic resistance due to antibiotic overuse (McGowan Jr, 1983; Austin et al, 1999; Karakonstantis and Kalemaki, 2019). Likewise, West African burial traditions contributed to the spread of Ebola (Manguvo and Mafuvadze, 2015; Alexander et al, 2015), and anti-vaccination movements contributed to the spread of measles (Patricia et al, 2019). On the other hand, social norms can be helpful in preventing the spread of disease, such as in East Asia where social acceptance of mask wearing is high (Liu, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behaviour on disease spread

Morsky

Magpantay

Day

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Humans are a hyper social species, which greatly impacts the spread of infectious diseases. How do social dynamics impact epidemiology? How does public health policy best take into account these impacts? Here we develop a model of disease transmission that incorporates human behaviour and social dynamics. We use a "tipping-point" dynamic, previously used in the sociological literature, where individuals adopt a behaviour given a sufficient frequency of the behaviour in the population. The thresholds at which individuals adopt behaviours is modulated by the perceived risks of infection, i.e.\ the disease prevalence and transmission rate, and the behaviour of others. Social conformity creates a type of "stickiness" whereby individuals are resistant to changing their behaviour due to the population's inertia. In this model, the epidemic attack rate is sensitive to the timing of the behavioural response. Near the optimal response, small errors can result in large increases in the total number infected during the epidemic. And, more surprisingly, we observe a non-monotinicity in the attack rate as a function of various biological and social parameters such as the transmission rate, efficacy of social distancing, the costs to social distancing, the weight of social consequences of shirking the norm, and the degree of heterogeneity in the population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behaviour on disease spread

Morsky

Magpantay

Day

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Therefore, the perceived severity of some diseases or groups of diseases might have become lower. 34 Albahri et al noted that the rate of individuals, who accepted vaccination, increased by the belief that the risk of being infected by the disease increased at personal and public levels and that the consequences of the disease were serious. 22 Similarly, in many studies on the COVID-19 vaccine and vaccine rejection, it has been found that those with insufficient knowledge and negative perceptions and attitudes about the vaccine are prone to vaccine rejection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of elderly individuals’ perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 pandemic on rejecting COVID-19 vaccination

Beyazgül

Koruk

Kuzan

2022

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Despite the fact that COVID-19 vaccines serve as an important tool for protection against COVID-19 infection, in individuals aged above 65 years, as well as the entire community, there are significant problems associated with getting vaccinated. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of perceptions and attitudes toward the COVID-19 epidemic in individuals over the age of 65 living in Şanlıurfa, Turkey in 2021, on the situation of having COVID-19 vaccination. The study is designed as a case-control type of research. The study population was comprised of individuals aged 65 years and above located in Şanlıurfa, Turkey. The Case Group consisted of individuals, who rejected the COVID-19 vaccination and the Control Group consisted of individuals who have received the vaccine. The individuals recruited in the Case and Control Groups were selected by means of the snowball sampling method. The study included a total of 240 individuals including 120 in the Case Group and 120 in the Control Group. Rate of vaccine rejection was higher in individuals who believed that the media exaggerated the pandemic, the disease had low contagiousness, the pandemic was a conspiracy, the environmental pollution had no role in the disease, the domestic measures taken against the epidemic were inadequate, the personal hygiene could not protect from disease, and who did not believe that the disease was inevitable [p < 0.05]. Governments have a lot of responsibilities in providing accurate information about vaccination to people and increasing confidence in the health system.

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“…In the context of disease spread, socially transmitted practices among doctors and expectations amongst patients contributed to the emergence of antibiotic resistance due to antibiotic overuse ( 21 – 23 ). Likewise, West African burial traditions contributed to the spread of Ebola ( 24 , 25 ), and antivaccination movements contributed to the spread of measles ( 26 ). On the other hand, social norms can be helpful in preventing the spread of disease, such as in East Asia where social acceptance of mask wearing is high ( 27 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behavior on disease spread

Morsky

Magpantay

Day

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Humans are a hyper-social species, which greatly impacts the spread of infectious diseases. How do social dynamics impact epidemiology and what are the implications for public health policy? Here, we develop a model of disease transmission that incorporates social dynamics and a behavior that reduces the spread of disease, a voluntary nonpharmaceutical intervention (NPI). We use a “tipping-point” dynamic, previously used in the sociological literature, where individuals adopt a behavior given a sufficient prevalence of the behavior in the population. The thresholds at which individuals adopt the NPI behavior are modulated by the perceived risk of infection, i.e., the disease prevalence and transmission rate, costs to adopt the NPI behavior, and the behavior of others. Social conformity creates a type of “stickiness” whereby individuals are resistant to changing their behavior due to the population’s inertia. In this model, we observe a nonmonotonicity in the attack rate as a function of various biological and social parameters such as the transmission rate, efficacy of the NPI, costs of the NPI, weight of social consequences of shirking the social norm, and the degree of heterogeneity in the population. We also observe that the attack rate can be highly sensitive to these parameters due to abrupt shifts in the collective behavior of the population. These results highlight the complex interplay between the dynamics of epidemics and norm-driven collective behaviors.

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The Influence of Antivaccination Movements on the Re-emergence of Measles

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behaviour on disease spread

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behaviour on disease spread

Effect of elderly individuals’ perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 pandemic on rejecting COVID-19 vaccination

The impact of threshold decision mechanisms of collective behavior on disease spread

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