The Influence of Anesthesia With and Without Medetomidine on Cardiac Structure and Function in Sanctuary Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)

Drane, Aimee L.; Calvi, Thalita; Feltrer, Yedra; Curry, Bryony A.; Tremblay, Joshua C.; Milnes, Ellie L.; Stöhr, Eric J.; Howatson, Glyn; Oxborough, David; Stembridge, Mike; Shave, Rob

doi:10.1638/2020-0024

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it is important to note that most of these individuals had demonstrated cardiac pathology. In contrast, while the use of medetomidine was associated with a reduction in MAP and HR in chimpanzees, it was not associated with a significant decrease in cardiac function and output 19,20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A small number of bonobos received additional ketamine during dental extractions, due to a lightening plane of anaesthesia with increased jaw tone and return of the palpebral reflex. The addition of medetomidine reduced the dose of tiletamine–zolazepam required from up to 6 to 2 mg/kg, 20 consequently reducing the overall volume, which was beneficial for ensuring complete delivery during hand injection. The ability to antagonise the medetomidine and the zolazepam contributed to rapid, smooth recoveries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, while the use of medetomidine was associated with a reduction in MAP and HR in chimpanzees, it was not associated with a significant decrease in cardiac function and output. 19,20 In the current study, echocardiography commenced 34-68 minutes after medetomidine-tiletaminezolazepam administration during isoflurane maintenance with MAC hours between 0.11 and 0.28. In rats, dogs and cats the plasma/serum half-life of medetomidine was found to be between 58 and 96 minutes.…”

Section: T a B L E 1 Demographic Data And Anaesthetic Details For The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane and medetomidine–tiletamine–zolazepam in 12 bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Bucknell¹,

Dobbs²,

Martin³

et al. 2023

Veterinary Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of mortality in captive great apes. However, data from bonobos are lacking due to a paucity of collections in Europe. Comprehensive preventive screening is required to understand the aetiopathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, but the provision of a stable and predictable anaesthetic protocol with minimal cardiovascular effects is challenging. Methods This prospective, observational case series reports anaesthesia of 12 bonobos using hand‐injected medetomidine and tiletamine–zolazepam followed by maintenance with isoflurane in oxygen. Comprehensive clinical examinations, including arterial blood gases and echocardiography were undertaken. Results Induction of anaesthesia with hand injection was successful in all but one individual. Respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis were documented. Hypochloraemia may have contributed to non‐respiratory alkalosis in one individual. Ten bonobos experienced hypotension and required haemodynamic support. Both N‐terminal pro b‐type natriuretic peptide and troponin I cardiac biomarkers correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (percentage). Recovery was smooth, rapid and uneventful in all animals. Limitations The effects of the anaesthetic must be considered during echocardiographical interpretation. Conclusions The anaesthesia protocol provided a safe, predictable induction and recovery, facilitating diagnostics (including echocardiography) and minor surgical procedures. Comprehensive monitoring, including invasive blood pressure monitoring and haemodynamic support, is highly recommended.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T a B L E 1 Demographic Data And Anaesthetic Details For The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane and medetomidine–tiletamine–zolazepam in 12 bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Bucknell¹,

Dobbs²,

Martin³

et al. 2023

Veterinary Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One month later, it was again immobilised for a full clinical examination, including an echocardiogram that is routinely performed in all older male chimpanzees due to their high risk of cardiac disease using above-mentioned drug protocol. 19 During the same anaesthetic episode, full mouth impressions and bite registration were done using a polyvinyl siloxane impression material (President regular putty, Coltene), whereafter a polyvinyl siloxane wash (President light body, Coltene) was used to record more precise details. This stone model together with the CT scan was presented to a human maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the presentation of the chimpanzee and to plan the surgical treatment.…”

Section: Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthognathic surgery to improve malocclusion in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

Steenkamp,

Hoogendijk,

Ruiz

et al. 2023

Vet Record Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malocclusion is a common finding in both companion animals and humans due to dental or maxillofacial discrepancies. Treatment depends on the complications and the species it presents in. In humans, orthognathic surgery is commonly performed to address skeletal malocclusions. A male chimpanzee born in 2002 and orphaned due to the bush meat pet trade was rescued in 2010 by Chimp Eden, a chimpanzee sanctuary. In 2017, it presented with inappetence and weight loss of 6‐month duration. After a computed tomography scan was performed and full mouth impressions were made, a diagnosis of asymmetry of the mandible with the left side markedly shorter and rotated along its long axis was made (malocclusion class IV in a side‐to‐side direction). A bilateral sagittal split operation was performed to correct the malocclusion and improve its feeding. At the time of writing this report, it was eating freely and no complications were seen on multiple post‐operative radiographs.

show abstract

“…Their combination provides significant muscle relaxation [ 2 ]. The safe use of Telazol ® has already been documented in nonhuman primates including capuchin monkeys [ 11 , 12 ], owl monkeys [ 13 ], rhesus macaques [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], cynomolgus macaques [ 17 ], baboons [ 14 ], chimpanzees [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], and southern brown howler monkeys [ 21 ]. There are a few reports of Telazol ® administration to marmosets, showing a wide dose range [ 9 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Anesthetic and Cardiorespiratory Effects after Intramuscular Administration of Three Different Doses of Telazol® in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Goodroe

Bakker

Remarque

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marmosets’ small body size makes anesthesia challenging. Ideally, small volumes of drugs should be administered intramuscularly (i.m.). In addition, dose-dependent sedation and anesthesia are desirable properties for sedatives and anesthetics in marmosets. Telazol (tiletamine and zolazepam) is highly concentrated, allowing the use of small injection volumes and dose-dependent sedation and anesthesia. A randomized, blinded study with crossover design in ten healthy adult common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) was performed to evaluate the anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of three doses of i.m. Telazol (respectively, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg). Depth of anesthesia, cardiorespiratory effects, and induction, immobilization, and recovery times were determined. There was a significant difference in immobilization time between 5 and 15 mg/kg of Telazol. In addition, 15 mg/kg of Telazol resulted in increased recovery times compared to 5 mg/kg. The cardiorespiratory effects during the first 45 min of immobilization were within clinically acceptable limits. The pedal withdrawal reflex was the best indicator of the anesthetic depth.

show abstract

The Influence of Anesthesia With and Without Medetomidine on Cardiac Structure and Function in Sanctuary Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane and medetomidine–tiletamine–zolazepam in 12 bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane and medetomidine–tiletamine–zolazepam in 12 bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Orthognathic surgery to improve malocclusion in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

Evaluation of Anesthetic and Cardiorespiratory Effects after Intramuscular Administration of Three Different Doses of Telazol® in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About