The influence of ammonium and methods for removal during the anaerobic treatment of poultry manure

Abstract

: The addition of exogenous to poultry manure and synthetic NH 4Cl medium was used to study the e †ect of ammonia-nitrogen on the activity and composition of a methanogenic consortium. Results indicated that the production of biogas and methane was not a †ected by the variation in con-NH 4 Cl centration within the range 2È10 g dm~3 (0É5È2É6 g dm~3). At higher N-NH 4 values of ammonium (10È30 g dm~3 or 2È8 g dm~3) a signiÐcant N-NH 4 decline in both parameters (by 50È60% for biogas and 80È90% for methane) was observed. A signiÐcant decrease in the numbers of bacteria of all physiological groups (especially proteolytic and methanogenic) was observed when more than 30 g dm~3 (7É8 g dm~3) was added to the fermentation medium. NH 4 Cl N-NH 4 The addition of 10% (w/v) of powdered phosphorite ore enhanced the production of biogas and methane at concentrations up to 30 g dm~3, and NH 4 Cl also changed the composition of the methanogenic consortium. A partial recovery in the numbers of proteolytic and methanogenic bacteria coupled with the decrease in the density of sulphate-reducers was observed. High concentrations (more than 50 g dm~3) of seemed to cause irreversible inhibition of NH 4 Cl methanogenesis which could not be eliminated by the addition of phosphorites.

Microbiological Safety of Chicken Litter or Chicken Litter-Based Organic Fertilizers: A Review

“…Following anaerobic digestion of poultry feces for 37 days, both coliform and E. coli counts decreased drastically. It was also reported by Krylova et al [129] that high levels of ammonium (>30 g/L) during anaerobic digestion of poultry litter resulted in a decrease in the numbers of all physiological microbial groups. A study on bacteriophage has also demonstrated its effectiveness for biological control of pathogens in compost.…”

Anaerobic Co-digestion of Pig Manure with Dried Maize Straw

“…AD is the most efficient practice for the management of PM because of the renewable biogas energy it provides and because of the suitability of the digested matter as a fertilizer for planting (Walsh et al 2012;Xie et al 2012;Giuliano et al 2013;Muller et al 2013). However, the C/N ratio of PM is within the range of 9.8 to 14.5 (Zhang et al 2014a), which often leads to ammonia inhibition (Krylova et al 1997;Hansen et al 1998;Procházka et al 2012;Wang et al 2012b;Niu et al 2014) because free ammonia molecules passively diffuse into cells, which causes a proton imbalance and/or a potassium deficiency that inhibits the growth of methanogens (Chen et al 2008). To dilute toxic compounds, it is essential to maintain a proper C/N ratio (20 to 30).…”

Anaerobic Mono-Digestion of Turkey Manure: Efficient Revaluation to Obtain Methane and Soil Conditioner

“…This TS concentration inside the reactor is appropriate for the anaerobic digestion of solid wastes, because the reported suitable range is between 10 and 50 g/L of TS [11][12][13]. The reported inhibitory ammonium concentration for methanogenic bacteria is between 3.5 and 18.3 g/L [12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. With an increase on the organic loading rate (from 1.5 to 2.5 kgVS/m 3 d) the total solids and ammonium concentrations increased gradually, over 50.0 and 5.0 g/L respectively, exceeding the recommended concentrations for biomethanization which could negatively affect the reactor behaviour.…”