The influence of ambient salinity on routine metabolism in the teleost <i>Cyprinodon variegatus</i> Lacepède

Nordlie, Frank G.; Walsh, Stephen J.; Haney, Dennis C.; Nordlie, T. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb03097.x

Cited by 53 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For his class 11 fish the lowest metabolic costs are incurred at the isosmotic point (same osmolarity of body fluid and ambient water). In the present work, the lowest degree of oxygen consumption was found in the 1 0 %~ group, closest to the isosmotic point (about 12%~) suggesting that turbot are class I1 fish like Oreochromis niloticus (L.) (Farmer & Beamish, 1969), Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (Rao,197 l), Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede (Nordlie et al, 1991). The present results confirm the observations of Waller (1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Effects of salinity on the ionic balance and growth of juvenile turbot

Gaumet

Bœuf

Sévère

et al. 1995

Journal of Fish Biology

142

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The effects of salinity changes (27, 19 and 10%~)) on seawater-adapted juvenile turbot were studied on their plasma osmolarity aiid ion concentrations, on oxygen consumption, on gill Na',K'-ATPase activity after 3 months and on growth parameters. All plasma concentrations (except chloride) were unchanged, suggesting that fish were well adapted to their environment. Oxygen consumption was significantly decreased in the 19 and 10%0 groups, where fish weighed significantly more 105 days after transfer than fish maintained in sea water. These results, and the fact that apparent food conversion rates were iower in a diluted environment, suggest that on a long term schedule growth conditions could be improved by adaptation to brackish waters (salinities between 10 and 19%). The effects of transfer from sea water to 27, 19, 10 and 5% were also followed during the first 3 weeks. With salinity 10% a steady state was reached on day 21 with all plasma values within the same range. The significant differences observed in osmolarity, plasma ion concentrations and Na+,K+-ATPase activity 3 weeks after transfer of juveniles to 5%n salinity, compared with transfers in higher salinities, suggest that there is B threshold of acclimation of turbot to a hypotonic environment. 3: ) 1995 The Fisheries Society uf the British Isles

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Effects of salinity on the ionic balance and growth of juvenile turbot

Gaumet

Bœuf

Sévère

et al. 1995

Journal of Fish Biology

142

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“…However, estimates of the cost of osmoregulation in seawater range from only 2.4 to 7.4% of total resting O 2 consumption (Potts et al 1973;Swanson 1998;Morgan and Iwama 1999). Not surprisingly, the majority of species examined actually display a significant drop or no change in metabolic rate in hyper-saline waters relative to rates in seawater (Skadhauge and Lotan 1974;Courtois 1976;Nordlie 1978;Nordlie et al 1991;Haney and Nordlie 1997;Swanson 1998;Plaut 2000;Haney and Walsh 2003;Sardella et al 2004b), while only a few species show elevated metabolic rates in hyper-saline waters (Iwama et al 1997;Gonzalez et al 2005). A variety of factors influence routine metabolic rate in fish, and a range of explanations have been offered for the declines in metabolism, ranging from compromised O 2 uptake to reductions in branchial O 2 permeability to lower levels of routine activity.…”

Section: Physiology Of Hyper-saline Tolerant Fishmentioning

confidence: 96%

The physiology of hyper-salinity tolerance in teleost fish: a review

Gonzalez

2011

J Comp Physiol B

109

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Hyper-saline habitats (waters with salinity >35 ppt) are among the harshest aquatic environments. Relatively few species of teleost fish can tolerate salinities much above 50 ppt, because of the challenges to osmoregulation, but those that do, usually estuarine, euryhaline species, show a strong ability to osmoregulate in salinities well over 100 ppt. Typically, plasma Na(+) and Cl(-) concentrations rise slowly or not at all up to about 65 ppt. At higher salinities ion levels do rise, but the increase is small relative to the magnitude of increase in concentrations of the surrounding water. A number of adjustments are responsible for such strong osmoregulation. Reduced branchial water permeability is indicated by the observation that with the exposure to hyper-salinities drinking rates rise more slowly than the branchial osmotic gradient. Lower water permeability limits osmotic water loss and greatly reduces the salt load incurred in replacing it. Still, increased gut Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NAK) activity is necessary to absorb the larger gut salt load and increased HCO(3) (-) secretion is required to precipitate Ca(2+) and some Mg(2+) in the imbibed water to facilitate water absorption. All Na(+) and Cl(-) taken up must be excreted and increased branchial salt excreting capacity is indicated by elevated mitochondrion-rich cell density and size, gill NAK activity and expression of chloride channels. Excretion of Na(+) and Cl(-) occurs against a larger gradient than in seawater and calculation of the equilibrium potential for Na(+) across the gill epithelium indicates that the trans-epithelial potential required for excretion of Na(+) climbs with salinity up to about 65 ppt before leveling off due to the increasing plasma Na(+) levels. During acute transition to SW or mildly hyper-saline waters, some species have shown the ability to upregulate branchial NAK activity rapidly and this may play an important role in limiting disturbances at higher salinities. It does not appear that the opercular epithelium, which in SW acts in a way that is functionally similar to the gills, continues to do so in hyper-saline waters. Little is know about the hormones involved in acclimation to hyper-salinity, but the few studies available suggest a role for cortisol, but not growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor. Despite the increased transport capacity evident in both the gill and gut in hyper-saline waters there is no clear trend toward increased metabolic rate. These studies provide a general outline of the mechanisms of osmoregulation in these species, but significant questions still remain.

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“…Estos incrementos de salinidad provocaron mortandades masivas afectando a distintos parámetros de su estrategia de vida en el sistema (Ruiz-Navarro et al 2007, Oliva-Paterna et al 2009). Efectos de cambios drásticos en la salinidad sobre la biología de ciprinodóntidos han sido puestos de manifiesto en diversos estudios (Nordlie et al 1991, Plaut 2000, Yildirim & Karacuha 2008, entre otros). En suma, el hecho de que durante el segundo ciclo de estudio la densidad de A. iberus no haya sido tan elevada como en el primero puede deberse a la elevada salinidad y conductividad alcanzada en el medio.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Dinámica poblacional y relaciones con el hábitat de Aphanius iberus (Valenciennes 1846) en un humedal con salinas en explotación

Moreno-Valcárcel¹,

Torralva²,

Verdiell‐Cubedo³

et al. 2012

analesbio

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Dinámica poblacional y relaciones con el hábitat deAphanius iberus es un ciprinodóntido endémico de la Península Ibérica muy amenazado, a pesar de los esfuerzos de gestión realizados. Se presenta la variación temporal de su abundancia y su relación con el hábitat, en un humedal con salinas en explotación. La densidad muestra una estacionalidad con máximos durante el verano y otoño. Cambios en los niveles de agua de la balsa provocan incrementos en la salinidad que pueden haber ejercido efectos negativos sobre su abundancia relacionados con la reducción de la vegetación acuática. Se observaron cambios en el uso del microhábitat que pueden relacionarse con el ciclo temporal de abundancia y del mesohábitat. La abundancia mostró una relación con la vegetación acuática y la cercanía a motas salineras, áreas probablemente usadas como refugio. Los resultados apoyan la necesidad de criterios biológicos en la gestión de humedales para mantener la especie. Los efectos observados deben considerarse en acciones de conservación sobre sus poblaciones.Palabras clave: Cyprinodontidae, Dinámica poblacional, Microhábitat, Especies amenazadas. Abstract Population dynamic and habitat relationships of Aphanius iberus (Valenciennes 1846) in a wetland managed for salt exploitationAphanius iberus is an endemic cyprinodontid of the Iberian Peninsula highly endangered despite management efforts. We present its population dynamic and relationships with the habitat in a wetland managed for salt exploitation. Density showed a seasonal pattern characterized by maxima values during summer and autumn. Changes in water level that drastically increased the salinity should have produced effects on fish abundance by reducing vegetation mats. The species showed changes in microhabitat use which could be linked with its seasonal abundance and the environmental conditions, at mesohabitat scale. Its abundance showed relationships with vegetation mats and the proximity to embankments, areas probably used as a refuge. Results support the need of the biological criteria in the management of wetland in order to maintain populations of this species. The observed effects should be considered when such populations are exposed to recovery actions.

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The influence of ambient salinity on routine metabolism in the teleost Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepède

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of salinity on the ionic balance and growth of juvenile turbot

Effects of salinity on the ionic balance and growth of juvenile turbot

The physiology of hyper-salinity tolerance in teleost fish: a review

Dinámica poblacional y relaciones con el hábitat de Aphanius iberus (Valenciennes 1846) en un humedal con salinas en explotación

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