The influence of alkyl-lysophospholipids and lysophospholipid-activated macrophages on the development of metastasis of 3-Lewis lung carcinoma

Adoptive immunotherapy of cancer using monocyte-derived macrophages: rationale, current status, and perspectives

“…Using the B16 melanoma model, they demonstrated that the percentage of animals cured and suppression of pulmonary metastases depended on the in vitro activation as well as the number of MAC infused [19]. Other groups have confirmed their findings using different tumor models, including human xenografts [20][21][22][23]. It is, however, important to note that in these rodent studies all types of MAC-targeted immunotherapy was effective only in inhibiting metastasis formation, whereas regression of primary tumors was rarely observed [18].…”

Membrane-interactive lipids as experimental anticancer drugs

“…During an investigation of the influence of ALP analogs on cellular immunity, strong antitumour effects of some of these compounds were observed in the allogeneic Ehrlich ascites tumour in mice (Munder et al, 1977). Further studies showed antimetastatic activity in the anaplastic Lewis lung carcinoma in mice (Berdel et al, 1980). Additional therapeutic screening of the first generation ALP analogs in different laboratories subsequently revealed that a wide variety of murine and rat tumour and leukaemia models is sensitive to the therapeutic activity of these lipids with some other tumour and leukaemia systems being rather resistant to this material (see Berdel, 1990).…”

“…Thus, ether lipids seem to be suited for purging residual malignant cells from marrows prior to autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). During the early treatment studies, it became evident that the antineoplastic activity of some ALP analogs in vivo might be partially mediated by cytotoxic macrophages (Munder et al, 1977;Berdel et al, 1980;Andreesen et al, 1984). Assessing the importance of cytotoxic macrophages as mediators of ALP-effects, it could be shown that macrophages not only are cytotoxic in vitro to a variety of neoplastic cells after incubation with these lipids, but can be also used for successful treatment of syngeneic tumour and metastasis developd e ment in vivo.…”

Growth arrest vs direct cytotoxicity and the importance of molecular structure for the in vitro anti-tumour activity of ether lipids

“…Synthetic anti-tumour lipids (ATLs), including the novel alkylphosphocholine derivatives, have emerged as effective agents in model systems and are currently undergoing clinical trials (Berdel et al, 1980;Berdel, 1991;Houlihan et al, 1995). Current preclinical and clinical experience with these agents has recently been comprehensively reviewed (Lohmeyer and Bittman, 1994).…”