The Influence of Age, Sex, and Season of Birth of Calf, and Age of Dam on Preweaning Growth Rate and Type Score of Beef Calves

Marlowe, Thomas J.; Gaines, J. A.

doi:10.2527/jas1958.173706x

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…BW and WW were, respectively, 2.5 kg and 14.4 kg higher for bull calves than for heifer calves. Sex differences reported by Marlowe & Gaines (1958), Ellis et al (1965), Cundiff et al (1966), Brinks et al (1972), Smith et al (1976), Dillard et al (1980) and Van Zyl et al (1992) are in general agreement with these results. Breed group effects were also significant (P ≤ 0.001) for both traits considered, accounting for 5.7 and 4.8% of the variation in BW and WW respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimates of crossbreeding parameters in a multibreed beef cattle crossbreeding project

Skrypzeck¹,

Schoeman²,

Jordaan³

et al. 2000

SA J. An. Sci.

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Data from purebred and crossbred cattle, consisting of the Afrikaner (A), Simmentaler (S) and Hereford (H) breeds managed in a relatively intensive but high stocking rate environment, were analysed to estimate breed direct effects, individual heterotic effects, breed maternal and maternal heterotic effects for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW). Simmentaler breed direct effects, expressed as deviation from the general mean, were positive (P ≤ 0.01) for both traits. Hereford and Afrikaner breed direct effects were negative (P ≤ 0.01) for both traits while the Afrikaner breed direct effects exceeded those of the Hereford. Afrikaner direct maternal effects were positive (P ≤ 0.01) for both traits. The Hereford direct maternal effect was negative (P ≤ 0.05) (-2.9%) for WW. Simmentaler maternal effect was negative (P ≤ 0.01 ) for BW but non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) for WW. Individual heterotic effects for BW were significant (P ≤ 0.01) in H x S (3.5%) and S x A (11.0%) only. Individual heterotic effects were positive (P ≤ 0.01) for WW, with that of the H x A (9.8%) and S x A (6.7%) crosses exceeding the S x H (3.1%) cross. Maternal heterotic effects were non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) for both BW and WW .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimates of crossbreeding parameters in a multibreed beef cattle crossbreeding project

Skrypzeck¹,

Schoeman²,

Jordaan³

et al. 2000

SA J. An. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Burrisand Blunn (1952) attributed 10 percent of the difference between bulland heifer calves to differences in gestation length. A significant · effect of sex on preweaning gain was reported by Black and Knapp (1956)and Marlowe and Gaines (1958), but could not be verified by Gregory g_t_ I _a1__. (1950).…”

Section: Kmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Lehmann (1959) found in data collected at the Front RoyalBeef Cattle Research Station that calves born in April or later scoredsignificantly lower at weaning than did earlier calves. Type scores I were not influenced sufficiently by either age of calf or season ofbirth to be of any practical importance in a large group of calves fromVirginia herds under the beef cattle improvment program (Marlowe and = Gaines, 1958). * Sex differences were found by practically all investigatorsdealing with calf birth weights (Dawson g_t_ _al__.…”

Section: Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It would be possible to consider a fixed effect as randcmlydistributed and consequently to disregard it for the analysis of the data, as done by Marlowe and Gaines (1958) for the year effects. the beginning of the analysis it was not known whether I important differences existed between the three breeds in the degree or 1 direction of association among the various birth and weaning traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was decided to combine the age of dam claasifications into five groups: two and three year olds, four and five year olds, six and seven year olds, eight and nine year olds, and ten through sixteen year olds. Marlowe and Gaines, 1958;and ilhornton, 1960).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Linear Body Measurements and other Birth Observations on Beef Calves as Predictors of Preweaning Growth Rate and Weaning Type Score

Flock

Carter

Priode

1962

Journal of Animal Science

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Dairy and milk consumption and child growth: Is BMI involved? An analysis of NHANES 1999–2004

Wiley

2010

American J Hum Biol

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Humans are unique among mammals in that many consume cow's milk or other dairy products well beyond the traditional age of weaning. Milk provides various nutrients and bioactive molecules to support growth and development, and the question arises as to whether this dietary behavior influences growth parameters. There is evidence that milk makes positive contributions to growth in height, but its associations with other aspects of body size, such as body mass index (BMI), are not well-established. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004 and multivariate regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis that milk (g) or total dairy product consumption (kJ) is associated with higher BMI percentile among US White, Black, and Mexican-American children of age 2-4 years (n = 1,493) and 5-10 years (n = 2,526). Younger children in the highest quartile of dairy intake had higher BMIs (beta = 7.5-8.0; P < 0.01) than those in the lowest two quartiles. Controlling for energy intake eliminated differences between QIV and QI. Among children of 5-10 years of age dairy intake had no relationship to BMI. Young children in the highest quartile of milk intake had higher BMIs than all lower quartiles (beta = 7.1-12.8; beta = 6.3-11.8 in energy-controlled models; P < 0.05). Among children of 5-10 years of age, those in QIV for milk intake had higher BMIs than those in QII (beta = 8.3; beta = 7.1 in energy-controlled model; P < 0.01). Controlling for total protein or calcium did not change the results. Milk had more consistent positive associations with BMI than did dairy products, and these were strongest among children of 2-4 years of age.

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The Influence of Age, Sex, and Season of Birth of Calf, and Age of Dam on Preweaning Growth Rate and Type Score of Beef Calves

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Estimates of crossbreeding parameters in a multibreed beef cattle crossbreeding project

Estimates of crossbreeding parameters in a multibreed beef cattle crossbreeding project

Linear Body Measurements and other Birth Observations on Beef Calves as Predictors of Preweaning Growth Rate and Weaning Type Score

Dairy and milk consumption and child growth: Is BMI involved? An analysis of NHANES 1999–2004

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