The influence of advanced age and obesity on pregnancy course and outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction Older women are at greater risk of suffering from a series of comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension that could negatively affect pregnancy course and outcomes. This study aims to investigate the impact of maternal age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes of women with diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods The study included 323 diabetic pregnant women. All complications throughout pregnancy and the early neonatal period were noted. The women were divided into groups according to age decade and BMI. Results 84.8% of women reported pregnancy complications, with a higher prevalence in obese women ( p = 0.003). However, most children had a good outcome with few early neonatal complications (36.85%). Old and obese women with DM often showed complications, and their newborns had higher birth weight ( p = 0.003) and more neonatal complications ( p = 0.041). Maternal BMI ( p = 0.016; OR = 1.064), but not age ( p = 0.801), was found to be a significant predictor of pregnancy complications. Conclusions Pregnant women with DM should be considered as high-risk patients. Advanced age and increased BMI prior to pregnancy are risk factors for pregnancy complications. Maternal obesity is the most important predictor of pregnancy complications in women with DM. Pregnancy outcome can be good for both mothers and children with a timely and adequate approach.

Correlations between parameters of glycaemic variability and foetal growth, neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinemia in women with gestational diabetes

“…Although obtained with a small simple size, our results should be considered preliminary and interpreted through the lens of a pilot study conducted with an exploratory intend, that aimed at contributing to the limited scientific knowledge on glycaemic variability in pregnant women. Increased BMI, and advanced age as well, prior to pregnancy are risk factors for pregnancy complications, with maternal obesity being the most important predictor of pregnancy complications in women with GDM [40].…”

Neonatal birth weight as a predictor of mode of delivery in singleton term pregnancies at a tertiary level maternity hospital in Urban Mumbai

“…24 Higher incidence of maternal malnutrition in younger mothers (<21yrs) and higher prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance (>30yrs) with increasing age as well as an increase in maternal bodily conditioning for childbirth on subsequent births maybe responsible for this trend. [25][26][27][28] Maternal obesity maybe responsible in enhancing the state of insulin resistance of pregnancy d11 and lead to higher fetal weight, not always leading to overtly macrosomic fetus. This may also be responsible for the higher neonatal birth weight in our study with subject population primarily involving an urban population.…”

Is intermittent fasting really beneficial for women with GDM? A mini-review

“…Various studies have been done to assess the impact of women's advanced age as well as pre pregnancy obesity, and it concluded that both these factor resulted in higher maternal and neonatal complications. Better outcomes can be expected with a timely and adequate approach [10]. It has also been found out that different types of diabetes don't impact the maternal and neonatal outcomes differently.…”