The influence of a 16-week exercise program, APOE status, and age on executive function task performance: A randomized trial

Martin‐Willett, Renée; Morris, Brittany M.; Wilcox, Robert G.; Giordano, G; Andrews‐Hanna, Jessica R.; Banich, Marie T.; Bryan, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111431

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Following the assessment of physical activity and cognitive function in 806 participants over 6 years, a recent study showed that an active lifestyle has a favorable correlation with cognitive performance in APOE4 non-carriers [248]. Though some studies suggest the effects of the APOE4 allele are mixed and need to be further characterized [249], many reports provide evidence that APOE4 carriers are more responsive to exercise interventions compared to noncarriers [250,251]. Additionally, recent studies have shown that APOE4 carriers who participated in aerobic exercise show increased hippocampal blood flow, improved verbal memory performance, improved neuropsychiatric symptoms and physical mobility compared to non-carriers and sedentary APOE4 carriers [252,253].…”

Section: Lifestyle Changes Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

ApoE in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies

Raulin

Doss

Trottier

et al. 2022

Mol Neurodegeneration

206

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing due to extended lifespans. Among the increasing number of genetic risk factors identified, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene remains the strongest and most prevalent, impacting more than half of all AD cases. While the ε4 allele of the APOE gene significantly increases AD risk, the ε2 allele is protective relative to the common ε3 allele. These gene alleles encode three apoE protein isoforms that differ at two amino acid positions. The primary physiological function of apoE is to mediate lipid transport in the brain and periphery; however, additional functions of apoE in diverse biological functions have been recognized. Pathogenically, apoE seeds amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain with apoE4 driving earlier and more abundant amyloids. ApoE isoforms also have differential effects on multiple Aβ-related or Aβ-independent pathways. The complexity of apoE biology and pathobiology presents challenges to designing effective apoE-targeted therapeutic strategies. This review examines the key pathobiological pathways of apoE and related targeting strategies with a specific focus on the latest technological advances and tools.

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Section: Lifestyle Changes Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

ApoE in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies

Raulin

Doss

Trottier

et al. 2022

Mol Neurodegeneration

206

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“…However, the present analysis is only focused on the baseline data, thus the exercise sessions and follow-up visits are not discussed. Additional information about the FORCE methods has been published previously (Martin-Willett et al, 2021.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Associations Between Inflammatory Biomarkers, Gray Matter, Neurofilament Light and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older Adults

Karoly

Skrzynski

Moe

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Exploring biological variables that may serve as indicators of the development and progression of cognitive decline is currently a high-priority research area. Recent studies have demonstrated that during normal aging, individuals experience increased inflammation throughout the brain and body, which may be linked to cognitive impairment and reduced gray matter volume in the brain. Neurofilament light polypeptide (NfL), which is released into the circulation following neuronal damage, has been proposed as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, and may also have utility in the context of normal aging. The present study tested associations between age, peripheral levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, peripheral NfL, brain volume, and cognitive performance in a sample of healthy adults over 60 years old.Methods: Of the 273 individuals who participated in this study, 173 had useable neuroimaging data, a subset of whom had useable blood data (used for quantifying IL-6 and NfL) and completed a cognitive task. Gray matter (GM) thickness values were extracted from brain areas of interest using Freesurfer. Regression models were used to test relationships between IL-6, NfL, GM, and cognitive performance. To test putative functional relationships between these variables, exploratory path analytic models were estimated, in which the relationship between age, IL-6, and working memory performance were linked via four different operationalizations of brain health: (1) a latent GM variable composed of several regions linked to cognitive impairment, (2) NfL alone, (3) NfL combined with the GM latent variable, and (4) the hippocampus alone.Results: Regression models showed that IL-6 and NfL were significantly negatively associated with GM volume and that GM was positively associated with cognitive performance. The path analytic models indicated that age and cognitive performance are linked by GM in the hippocampus as well as several other regions previously associated with cognitive impairment, but not by NfL alone. Peripheral IL-6 was not associated with age in any of the path models.Conclusions: Results suggest that among healthy older adults, there are several GM regions that link age and cognitive performance. Notably, NfL alone is not a sufficient marker of brain changes associated with aging, inflammation, and cognitive performance.

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“…The Stroop effect on error rate was calculated as the difference in error rate between incongruent and congruent trials. Consistent with prior research [67,68], trials with reaction times less than or equal to 200 ms were removed from analyses. One participant's baseline data was removed from the analysis because they had no correct responses recorded due to a failure of their input device.…”

Section: Objective Cognitive Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use in cancer patients: acute and sustained associations with pain, cognition, and quality of life

Giordano

Martin‐Willett

Gibson

et al. 2023

Exploration of Medicine

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Aim: Given the myriad of negative sequalae associated with cancer and its treatment, the palliative use of cannabis by cancer patients is increasingly of special interest. This research sought to explore associations of acute and sustained use of legal market edible cannabis products on pain, cognition, and quality of life in a group of cancer patients. Methods: In this observational study, cancer patients completed a baseline appointment, a two-week ad libitum cannabis use period, and an acute administration appointment that included assessments before cannabis use, one-hour post-use, and two-hour post-use. Participants completed self-report questionnaires related to the primary outcomes and the Stroop task as a measure of objective cognitive function. Results: Twenty-five participants [mean (standard deviation, SD) age = 54.3 years (15.6); 13 females (52.0%)] completed all study appointments and were included in the analysis. Sustained cannabis use was associated with improvements in pain intensity, pain interference, sleep quality, subjective cognitive function, and reaction times in the Stroop task, but no change in general quality of life was observed. High levels of cannabidiol (CBD) use during the two-week ad libitum use period was associated with steeper improvements in pain intensity and sleep quality. Participants reported improvements in pain intensity and increased feelings of subjective high after acute use. High levels of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use during the acute administration appointment was associated with steeper increases in feelings of subjective high. Improvements in pain were associated with improvements in subjective cognitive function. Conclusions: This observational study is among the first of its kind to examine associations between legal market, palliative cannabis use, and subjective and objective outcomes among cancer patients. These early findings concerning pain intensity, sleep quality, and cognitive function can help to inform future, fully powered studies of this important topic (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03617692).

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The influence of a 16-week exercise program, APOE status, and age on executive function task performance: A randomized trial

Cited by 10 publications

References 83 publications

ApoE in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies

ApoE in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies

Investigating Associations Between Inflammatory Biomarkers, Gray Matter, Neurofilament Light and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older Adults

Cannabis use in cancer patients: acute and sustained associations with pain, cognition, and quality of life

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