The Influence in Male Baboons, of a High Sucrose Diet on the Portal and Arterial Levels of Glucose and Fructose Following a Sucrose Meal

Crossley, J. N.; Macdonald, Ian A.

doi:10.1159/000175290

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The hepatic portal vein concentrations of fructose measured in these ex periments are of a similar magnitude to those found in man after a fructose meal [13] and in baboons given sucrose [8] but 30-50% lower than those previously measured in the rat [11]. This discrepancy may be due to the fact that these workers clamped the hepatic portal vein before taking samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Concentrations of Fructose, Glucose and Lactate in the Splanchnic Blood Vessels of Rats Absorbing Fructose

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Mayes²

1971

Ann Nutr Metab

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The concentrations of fructose, glucose and lactate were measured in the hepatic portal vein, hepatic vein and systemic aorta of fed and fasting rats given a large meal of fructose by gastric intubation. The maximum concentration of fructose found in portal vein blood was within the range 20–40 mg/100 ml. The corresponding range in the systemic circulation was 2–6 mg/100 ml. A fractional hepatic fructose uptake of 54.9% and 71.5% was found in fed and fasting rats, respectively. Little fructose was removed by extrahepatic tissues. Fructose feeding lowered the concentration of glucose in the hepatic vein of fed animals but did not alter glucose concentrations in any other vessels sampled in fed or fasting rats. The absorption of fructose raised blood lactate concentrations in all vessels sampled of both fed and fasting animals. It is suggested that this effect is due to reduction in hepatic uptake of lactate. Fructose feeding did not increase lactate production by the intestine, neither was there any evidence of significant intestinal conversion of fructose to glucose.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In man [13] and baboons [8] concentrations of fructose of the order of 40 mg/100 ml of blood were found after a fructose or a sucrose meal, respectively. However, meta bolic experiments in vivo and in vitro have been performed using concentra tions of fructose much higher than these values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Concentrations of Fructose, Glucose and Lactate in the Splanchnic Blood Vessels of Rats Absorbing Fructose

Topping

Mayes²

1971

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the increased lipogenic and diabetogenic effects of dietary sucrose as compared to those of dietary starch are partially mediated by differences in intestinal transport (4,5,8,14,33). However, it is difficult to attribute the differences in the transport rates found in this study as being due only to differences in the nature of the utilizable carbohydrate present in these two diets.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Enhancement of Intestinal Sugar Transport by Rats Fed Sucrose as Compared to Starch

et al. 1976

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The weight and length of the small intestine and the intestinal transport of sugars and amino acids were determined in Wistar rats fed diets containing either 54% starch or sucrose ad libitum or in meals. The relative weight and length of the small intestine were greater after meal feeding than after ad libitum feeding. Regardless of the pattern of feeding, transport of 1 mM glucose, 1 mM α-methylglucose, 5 mM fructose, and 30 mM sucrose was significantly greater in sucrose-fed rats than in starch-fed rats. The transport of 30 mM maltose, 30 mM lactose, 1 mM leucine, and 1 mM lysine was not affected by diet. The pattern of feeding employed neither generally affected the transport rates of the sugars or amino acids nor modified the greater sugar transport exhibited by the sucrose-fed rats.

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“…The fructose-rich but not the maltose-rich diet gave rise to an increase of the mRNA level, results being similar to those obtained with the sucroserich diet (16). It is worth noting that the changes in the blood sugar concentration in the systemic circulation were mild in maltose-fed (Table I) but are very large in fructose-fed animals (27). On the other hand, carbohydrate flow in the portal circulation of the liver and small intestine is submitted to dramatic dietary modifications (28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and hormonal regulation of aldolase B gene expression.

Münnich¹,

Besmond²,

Darquy³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

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Aldolase B is an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway whose activity and mRNA levels in the liver fluctuate according to dietary status. Both the enzyme activity and the mRNA concentration decline during fasting and increase four-to eightfold upon refeeding of a carbohydrate-rich diet. The mechanism, however, of the mRNA induction remains unknown.To elucidate the mechanisms that regulate this induction responsive to dietary stimuli, we have studied the roles of hormones and glycolytic substrates on aldolase B gene expression in three tissues that synthesize the enzyme. Using a cDNA probe complementary to rat aldolase B mRNA, we determined the amount of cytoplasmic RNAs in the liver, kidney, and small intestine of normal, adrenalectomized, thyroidectomized, diabetic, and glucagon-or cAMP-treated animals refed either a fructose-rich or a maltose-rich diet. The in vivo hormonal control of gene expression was found to be very different in the three organs tested. In the liver, cortisone and thyroid hormones were required for the induction of the specific mRNA by carbohydrates, while in the kidney none of the hormonal modifications tested altered the level of mRNA induction. In the liver, but not in the kidney, diabetes and glucagon administration abolished the induction of aldolase B mRNAs in animals refed the maltose-rich diets. In the small intestine, only diabetes and thyroidectomy affected the gene expression. Finally, no induction occurred when normal fasted rats were given any of the hormones.Thus, the in vivo hormonal control of liver aldolase B gene expression differs significantly from that of kidney and small intestine. In the liver, the mRNA induction requires the presence of dietary carbohydrates, of permissive hormones, and the cessation of glucagon release, while in the kidney, the induction of the mRNAs by fructose occurs regardless of the hormonal status of the animals. The hormonal control of aldolase B mRNA levels in the small intestine is intermediate.

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The Influence in Male Baboons, of a High Sucrose Diet on the Portal and Arterial Levels of Glucose and Fructose Following a Sucrose Meal

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

The Concentrations of Fructose, Glucose and Lactate in the Splanchnic Blood Vessels of Rats Absorbing Fructose

The Concentrations of Fructose, Glucose and Lactate in the Splanchnic Blood Vessels of Rats Absorbing Fructose

Enhancement of Intestinal Sugar Transport by Rats Fed Sucrose as Compared to Starch

Dietary and hormonal regulation of aldolase B gene expression.

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