The inflammatory activity of purified-ferulic acid from Tetragonia tetragonioides

Abstract

In this study, an evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of ferulic acid isolated from Tetragonia tetragonioides in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) simulated RAW 264.7 cells was made. The chemical structure of the active compound was elucidated by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and FAB-MS, and was confirmed to be ferulic acid. Ferulic acid was purified via open column chromatography with Sephadex LH-20 and MCI gel CHP-20. To test the antiinflammatory effect of ferulic acid, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated in subsequent experiments with different concentrations of ferulic acid (5, 10, and 25 μg/mL) and the levels of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes were also measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell viability was above 95% at acid concentrations ranging from 5-25 μg/mL. The results showed that 30% of the production of nitric oxide and 66% of prostaglandin E 2 were inhibited by 25 μg/mL of ferulic acid, it also inhibited the protein expression of both inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 by 70%. Additionally, it inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β by 40, 75, and 77%, respectively. According to these results, the anti-inflammatory activity of ferulic acid was demonstrated via his implication in the inhibition of the expression and secretion of inflammatory substances in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, we concluded that ferulic acid can be used as a functional additive having anti-inflammatory activity.

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antioxidants and Anticancer Compounds from Tephrosia purpurea (L.) subsp. apollinea Family Fabaceae

“…Another phenolic acid identified in T. purpurea subsp. apollinea methanolic extract was ferulic acid, which has also been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer activities [65]. Chlorogenic acid [57], pyrocatechol [60], and coumaric acid [63] were the identified phenolic compounds in T. purpurea subsp.…”

Molecular Networking-Guided Isolation of a Phenolic Constituent from Prunus mume Seed and Its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

“…The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ferulic acid ( 1 ) were confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging activity (39.1%) at a concentration of 100 µM ( Figure 7 A), and NO production activity in macrophages (by 44.8%) at a concentration of 200 µM ( Figure 7 B,C), respectively. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ferulic acid ( 1 ) can also be found in the following literature [ 39 , 40 ]. To confirm the possible mechanism of NO inhibition, the effects of compound 1 on iNOS and COX-2 expressions were examined.…”