The infectious etiology of vasculitis

Lidar, Merav; Lipschitz, Noga; Langevitz, Pnina; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1080/08916930802613210

Cited by 102 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Lökositoklastik vaskülite yol açan enfeksiyonlar arasın-da, hepatit B, hepatit C, HIV gibi viral enfeksiyonlar, streptekok, stafilokok, mikobakteri gibi bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar, klamidya, kandida gibi fungal enfeksiyonlar ve protozoal enfeksiyonlar yer almaktadır (7,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40). Bizim çalışmamızda beş hastada ilaç ve enfeksiyon birlikteliği, dört hastada sadece enfeksiyon lökositoklastik vaskülit nedeni olarak tespit edildi.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: Retrospective Analysis of 60 Patients

Sahin¹,

Hapa²,

Elçin³

et al. 2011

Turk J Dermatol

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Amaç: Lökositoklastik vaskülit sıklıkla deri ve eklem bulguları ile ortaya çıkan küçük damarların inflamatuvar bir hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kliniğimizde lökositoklastik vaskülit tanısı alan hastaların klinik ve demografik özelliklerini tanımlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2000-2009 yılları arasında kliniğimizde lökositoklastik vaskülit tanısı almış olan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özelliklerinin yanı sıra, deri lezyonlarının yeri, tipi, etiyolojisi; semptomların ve deri dışı bulguların varlığı; histopatolojik değerlendirme ve tedavi seçenekleri geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Altmış hastanın (36 kadın, 24 erkek) yaş ortancası 44 idi. Kaşıntı (%25, n=15) ve ağrı (%18.3, n=11) en sık semptomlardı. Sıklıkla alt ekstremitede yerleşen deri lezyonları, çoğunlukla palpabl purpurik papül ve plaklar ile ortaya çıkmıştı. En sık etiyolojik faktör ilaçlardı (%25, n=15). Sistemik kortikosteroidler en sık tercih edilen tedavi seçeneğiydi (%38, n=23). Sonuç: Lökositoklastik vaskülit çoğunlukla ilaçlar tarafından tetiklenen, iyi seyirli, kendi kendini sınırlayan bir hastalıktır. En sık klinik formu alt ekstremitelerde yerleşen palpabl purpurik papül ve plaklardır. Altta yatan etiyolojinin belirlenmesi tedavide önemli bir basamak olmakla birlikte sistemik kortikosteroidler de etkin bir tedavi seçeneğidir. (Turk J Dermatol 2011; 5: 85-91 AbstractObjective: Leukoclastic vasculitis is an inflammatory disease of the small vessels which frequently presents with skin and joint signs. The aim of the present study is to determine the clinical and demographical characteristics of the patients diagnosed as leukocytoclastic vasculitis in our clinic. Materials and Methods:Patients diagnosed to have leukocytoclastic vasculitis in our clinic between 2000 and 2009 were included in the study. Demographic characteristics of the patients as well as localization and type of the cutaneous lesions, etiology, symptoms, presence of extracutaneous symptoms, histopathological evaluation and treatment options, were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Median age of the 60 patients (36 female, 24 male) was 44 years. Pruritus (25%, n=15) and pain (18.3%, n=11) were the most frequent symptoms. Cutaneous lesions were most frequently localized in the lower extremity and usually presented as palpable pruritic papules and plaques. The most frequent etiologic factor was drugs (25%, n=15). Systemic corticosteroids were the most frequently used therapy of choice (38%, n=23). Conclusion: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a benign self limited disease which is frequently triggered by drugs. The most frequent clinical form is palpable pruritic papules or plaques localized in the lower extremity. Defining the etiologic cause is an important step to therapy, while systemic corticosteroid is an effective therapeutic choice. (Turk J Dermatol 2011; 5: 85-91)

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: Retrospective Analysis of 60 Patients

Sahin¹,

Hapa²,

Elçin³

et al. 2011

Turk J Dermatol

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“…Hepatitis C infection is suggested to play a causative role in some mixed cryoglobunemia vasculitis cases. Some evidence suggests that these viruses induce direct vessel damage via immune complex formation (90)(91)(92).…”

Section: Why Is Pr3-anca Alone Not Capable Of Inducing Vasculitis?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Aspects of Vasculitis and Future Direction

Aras

2011

Intern. Med.

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Vasculitis is pathologically identified as specific cellular inflammation, vessel destruction, and tissue necrosis. Current classifications of vasculitis such as the Chapel Hill Classification (CHCC) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines are not sufficiently adequate for clinicians to diagnose vasculitis. The biomarkers that are currently in clinical use such as PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA, only help in diagnosing small vessel vasculitis and their sensitivity and specificity are not sufficient. However, recent developments related to the pathogenesis and etiopathogenesis of vasculitis have the potential to contribute to new and improved biomarkers. The determination of diverse roles of ANCA and synergistic effects of infection, genetic, environmental factors and drugs on pathogenesis is quite important. The demonstration of a new autoantibody directed to hLAMP-2 and the resemblance to some microbial structures, in addition to the determination of the possible roles of hepatitis B and C on vasculitis are important findings. These hints may lead to new biomarker developments, providing a better method to diagnose vasculitis. The evidence on T cell immunity as circulatory and lesional will likely contribute to the development of new drugs for vasculitis.

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“…Infectious agents often cause vasculitis via mechanisms including direct microbial invasion of vascular endothelial cells, immune complex-mediated damage and stimulation of autoreactive lymphocytes through molecular mimicry and superantigens [26] . Causative pathogens include bacteria (e.g., streptococci, mycobacteria, Treponema pallidum), viruses (e.g., cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, hepatitis virus B and C, human immunodeficiency virus), fungi, and parasites.…”

Section: Large-vessel Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic and radiographic features of gastrointestinal involvement in vasculitis

Hokama

Kishimoto²,

Ihama³

et al. 2012

WJGE

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Vasculitis is an inflammation of vessel walls, followed by alteration of the blood flow and damage to the dependent organ. Vasculitis can cause local or diffuse pathologic changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The variety of GI lesions includes ulcer, submucosal edema, hemorrhage, paralytic ileus, mesenteric ischemia, bowel obstruction, and life-threatening perforation.The endoscopic and radiographic features of GI involvement in vasculitisare reviewed with the emphasis on small-vessel vasculitis by presenting our typical cases, including Churg-Strauss syndrome, HenochSchönlein purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Behçet's disease. Important endoscopic features are ischemic enterocolitis and ulcer. Characteristic computed tomographic findings include bowel wall thickening with the target sign and engorgement of mesenteric vessels with comb sign. Knowledge of endoscopic and radiographic GI manifestations can help make an early diagnosis and establish treatment strategy.

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The infectious etiology of vasculitis

Cited by 102 publications

References 77 publications

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: Retrospective Analysis of 60 Patients

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: Retrospective Analysis of 60 Patients

Recent Aspects of Vasculitis and Future Direction

Endoscopic and radiographic features of gastrointestinal involvement in vasculitis

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