The Infant Mortality-Fertility Debate: Some International Evidence

Chowdhury, Abdur

doi:10.2307/1059010

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…And lastly, the modern economic theory on population shows interdependence between these variables. 5 The data set that Chowdhury (1988) uses includes 10 Sub-Saharan African countries -Ethiopia Ghana, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Zaire, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, and Nigeria. 2 countries (Ethiopia and Sudan) show the Granger-causality of fertility on infant mortality, one country (Tanzania) indicates the other direction, five countries indicate interdependence (Ghana, Zaire, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Nigeriathe last three are middle-income countries) supporting the modern economic theory on population, and two countries (Kenya and Somalia) show no causality.…”

Section: Empirical Analysis With Missing Value Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertility in Sub‐Saharan African Countries with Consideration to Health and Poverty*

Jeon¹,

Rhyu²,

Shields³

2010

African Development Review

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Fertility in Sub-Saharan African Countries with Consideration to Health and PovertyYongil Jeon Sang-Young Rhyu Michael P. Shields The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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Section: Empirical Analysis With Missing Value Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decline in infant mortality is thought to be followed by a fertility decline. There is no consensus on the causality between infant mortality and fertility, as shown by Chowdhury (1988) 4 , who infers that most of the existing literature uses cross-sectional data with visual data inspection.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fertility in Sub‐Saharan African Countries with Consideration to Health and Poverty*

Jeon¹,

Rhyu²,

Shields³

2010

African Development Review

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“…For example, in a sample of 116 developed and developing countries, Zakir and Wunnava (2002) used total fertility as an explanatory variable for infant mortality and found it to be highly significant, but did not detect simultaneity. This may be a result of not controlling for regional or country-specific effects to capture the unobserved heterogeneity or stages of social development across their very different countries that Chowdhury (1988) had found to be crucial for the direction of causality. With GDP as their dominating explanatory variable they explain 90% of cross-country variation, but ignore multicollinearity problems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fertility is an important correlate of child survival (Chowdhury, 1988;Schultz, 1978). Like child survival, the total fertility rate (TFR) is influenced by economic and cultural factors (Bongaarts, 1978).…”

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an instrumental variable approach is one way to control for endogeneity. Variation between countries at different stages of development could otherwise lead to spurious results in a single cross-section where such dynamic effects cannot be incorporated (Chowdhury, 1988;Schultz, 1978). The exclusion of total fertility in mortality estimations, for example in Filmer and Pritchett (1999), is an important omission particularly when using a heterogeneous sample with significant variation between countries.…”

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child Mortality and Environment in Developing Countries

Franz

FitzRoy

2006

Popul Environ

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This paper studies child mortality and fertility in 61 developing countries including the Central Asian Republics (CARs). To control for simultaneity, an estimated value of fertility was used in the mortality equation and a final specification included only exogenous socio-economic, health and environmental variables. We confirm the importance of female literacy in explaining both fertility and mortality, and also find a measure of consumption for the poorest share of the population to be significant, while controlling for nutrition, health expenditure, and income distribution. Incidence of tuberculosis and female agricultural population proxy for environmental impacts, but in spite of these controls, approximately 41% additional mortality was estimated due to living in the CARs. The results fill gaps in the literature: we use a wider range of socio-economic and environmental health variables than previously in an encompassing analysis of mortality and fertility, and find evidence of excessive mortality in the CARs most likely linked to environmental degradation in the region.

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Mortality, Fertility, and Persistent Income Inequality

Sarkar

2008

Southern Economic Journal

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Many developing countries are plagued by persistent inequality in income distribution. While a growing body of economic‐demographic literature emphasizes differential fertility channel, this paper investigates differential child mortality—differences in child mortality across income groups—as a critical link through which income inequality persists. Using an overlapping generations model in which both child mortality and fertility are endogenously determined by parental choice, this paper demonstrates that differential child mortality and its interaction with differential fertility may generate an “income inequality trap.” The trap is characterized by higher child mortality and lower degree of skill formation among the poorer households. The model can also explain the behavior of aggregate fertility and mortality rates for countries at various stages of development, consonant with patterns of demographic transition. The results indicate that provision of public health that raises the productivity of private health spending may be an effective way to reduce income inequality.

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The Infant Mortality-Fertility Debate: Some International Evidence

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Fertility in Sub‐Saharan African Countries with Consideration to Health and Poverty*

Fertility in Sub‐Saharan African Countries with Consideration to Health and Poverty*

Child Mortality and Environment in Developing Countries

Mortality, Fertility, and Persistent Income Inequality

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