We formulate an analogue of the Breuil-Mézard conjecture for the group of units of a central division algebra over a p-adic local field, and we prove that it follows from the conjecture for GLn. To do so we construct a transfer of inertial types and Serre weights between the maximal compact subgroups of these two groups, in terms of Deligne-Lusztig theory, and we prove its compatibility with mod p reduction, via the inertial Jacquet-Langlands correspondence and certain explicit character formulas. We also prove analogous statements for ℓ-adic coefficients.