The Induction of High-Frequency Callus with an Elite Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) from Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract

In cotton, factors such as carbon sources, hormonal combination, and type of explant influence the responses to callus induction. In this study callus induction was optimized to get high-frequency callus in cotton. Different carbon sources were tested, and among them, glucose at 3% was found to be the best carbohydrate in callus induction. Culture medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.1 mg.L-1) and KIN (0.5 mg.L-1) gave a high callogenesis response, unlike other hormonal combinations. With explants, hypocotyl (72.93%) appeared easier to induce callus than cotyledon (48.75%) following root (37.5%). So, carbone sources, hormone, and their concentration affect significantly callus induction. The highest frequency of callus induction was then observed when hypocotyl explants were cultured on medium supplemented with 0.1 mg.L-1 of 2,4-D in combination with 0.5 mg.L-1 of KIN and 3% glucose. The induced-callus obtained were friable and of high quality. The other types of combinations resulted in the formation of compact callus with sometimes roots emerging from it. The present study may provide an efficient protocol to improve the callogenesis responses by adjusting the carbohydrates, the hormonal regime, and the type of explant to be cultured for a high-frequency callus induction of the Y331B-R5 cotton cultivar.

Effect of the Oligosaccharid Fraction of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum on the Activity of Phenolic Metabolism Enzymes in Cotton Leaves

“…This phenolic compound, 3pcoumaric acid, is synthesised through the tyrosine pathway. In contrast, in control plants, these authors [24] showed a predominance of hydroxycinnamic acid, flavonoids (catechin and gossypetin), resveratrol and pterostilbene. PAL, with a participation rate of 62.05 %, was responsible for the synthesis of these compounds in the control plants.…”

“…As these enzymes are biosynthetic enzymes, their high activity in the treated plants suggests that FOS stimulates the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds. Indeed, N'goran et al [24] showed that FOS from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum (FOV) stimulated the production of phenolic compounds in cotton.…”

“…This result could indicate that the phenolic difference between treated and control plants is related to the involvement of TAL in phenol synthesis. Indeed, N'goran et al [24] showed that 3-pcoumaric acid represented 218.10, 240.98 and 238.45 % of the phenolic pool in root-treated plants, leaf-treated plants and root-and leaf-treated plants by FOV FOS, respectively. This phenolic compound, 3pcoumaric acid, is synthesised through the tyrosine pathway.…”