The incredible diversity of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in New Guinea revealed by integrative taxonomy (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)

Abstract

Material collected between 1999 and 2011 in Papua New Guinea and the Papua Province of Indonesia unveiled the enormous diversity of Labiobaetis on this island. Twenty-six new species were identified and delimited by integrative taxonomy using genetic distance (COI, Kimura-2-parameter) and morphology. These new species are described and illustrated based on larvae, augmenting the total number of Labiobaetis species on the island of New Guinea to 32. Seven morpho-groups of species are proposed based on morphological characters and a key to all New Guinea species is provided. The generic attributes of the larvae are summarised and slightly modified based on the examinations of the new species. Results on the genetics of most species (COI) are also provided. The interspecific K2P distances are between 13% and 32%, the intraspecific distances usually between 0% and 2%. Possible reasons for the remarkable richness of this genus in New Guinea are discussed.

Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in Borneo (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)

“…In general, the genetic distances between the different species of Labiobaetis are rather high in Borneo, between 19% and 25% (K2P , Table 3), which is in line with the genetic distances found in New Guinea (avg. 22%; Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2018) and Indonesia (11%-24%; Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2019). Ball et al (2005) reported a mean interspecific, congeneric distance of 18% for mayflies from the United States and Canada.…”

Reports of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) species from Tafna Basin, Algeria and biogeographic affinities revealed by DNA barcoding

“…A dozenspecies of Cheleocloeon are described in Afrotropics, while the genus is only represented in the Palearctic by a single Maghrebian species ( Cheleocloeon dimorphicum ) and one in the Arabian Peninsula, Cheleocloeon soldani Gattolliat and Sartori, 2008 ( Gattolliat and Sartori 2008 , Kluge 2016a ). Despite also being present in Central Europe, Labiobaetis is mostly diversified in tropical areas, as proven by its high diversity in Afrotropics ( Gattolliat 2001 , Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty 1997 ) and South East Asia ( Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2018 , Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2019 , Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2020 ). While a part of the Afrotropical species present a very restricted distribution ( Gattolliat 2001 , Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty 1997 ), a recent molecular reconstruction proved that specimens from Comoro Islands, South Africa and Arabian Peninsula form a monophyletic clade corresponding to Labiobaetis glaucus (Agnew, 1961) ( Gattolliat et al 2018a ).…”

The tremendous diversity of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in Indonesia (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)

“…The genus Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge, 1987 is one of the richest genera of Baetidae with 105 previously described species (Barber-James et al 2013, Webb 2013, Shi and Tong 2014, Kubendran et al 2014, 2015, Gattolliat et al 2018, Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2018). The distribution of Labiobaetis is nearly worldwide, with the exception of the Neotropical realm and New Caledonia; it is widely diversified in the Afrotropical (28 species) and Oriental realms (23 species) as well as in New Guinea (32 species) (Lugo-Ortiz et al 1999, Gattolliat and Nieto 2009, Kaltenbach and Gattolliat 2018).…”