The increasing of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in metabolic syndrome rats by robusta coffee leaves (Coffea canephora)

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a group of symptoms with obesity as the main determinant. Obesity increases oxidative stress which results in an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants. Robusta coffee leaves are a source of antioxidants that can increase antioxidant levels in the body. The study was conducted to prove the effect of Robusta coffee leaves on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in metabolic syndrome rats. An experimental study of randomized pre-post test with control group design was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats. The rats besides the control group 1 were fed with high fat-fructose diet (HFFD) for 14 days. Samples were divided into 6 groups, each of 6 rats: control group 1 healthy rat without treatment (K1), control group 2 rats without treatment (K2), rats were given 20 mg/kg of mangiferin (X1), groups X2, X3, and X4 were given Robusta coffee leaves with each of dose is 0.09 g/200 g BW, 0.18 g/200 g BW and 0.36 g/200 gBW. Each dose of coffee leaves was steeped with 3.6 mL of water at 70°C for 10 mins. The intervention was given for 28 days. The metabolic syndrome was achieved with blood glucose level 131.14-132.70 mg/dL, triglycerides 153.49-157.18 mg/dL, and HDL 24.59-26.22 mg/dL. The highest increased in SOD levels in group X4 (35.78±8.27 u/mL) (p=0.000). The intervention of Robusta coffee leaves 0.36 g/200 g BW is the most effective dose in increasing SOD levels in metabolic syndrome rats.